家兔回肠淋巴管三维结构的扫描电镜观察

目的　探讨回肠淋巴管的三维结构及流注关系。方法　将Mercox注入家兔回肠壁内制成淋巴管铸型 ,在扫描电镜下观察回肠各层淋巴管的三维结构。结果　回肠的粘膜层、粘膜下层、肌层和浆膜层都有毛细淋巴管网及淋巴管。在小肠绒毛内存有中央乳糜管 ,铸型样品上可见其立体结构 ,可见中央乳糜管注入粘膜层和粘膜下层的毛细淋巴管网 ,该网汇合而成的淋巴管穿过肌层进入浆膜层 ,之后以淋巴集合管的形式入肠系膜淋巴管而离开回肠。铸型标本可见淋巴管呈串珠状外观 ,管壁表面有双凹切迹 ,相当于淋巴管瓣膜的部位。铸型表面还可见淋巴管内皮细胞的椭圆形压迹 ,光镜下可见粘膜下与肌层之间存有三角形间隔 ,其内动脉与两条淋巴管并行。结论　中央乳糜管注入粘膜下毛细淋巴管网 ,该网与粘膜下淋巴管网相连 ,此淋巴管再穿肌层入浆膜层后离开回肠 ,并见淋巴通道存在于中央糜管周围。

Three Dimensional Organization of Lymphatics in Ileum of Rabbit under Scanning Electron Microscope

Objective To study the three dimensional organization and drainage of the lymphatics in ileum of rabbit. Method Casts of ileum lymphatics in ileum of rabbits made with Mercox were observed under scaning electron microscope. In casting lymphatics, Mercox was injected into murally into the ileum submucosa and semithin sections were done.Results This mural injection allowed a good replication of fine lymphatics including the central lacteals in the villi. The villi of ileum contained two to three central lacteals which drained into the mucosal lymphatic capillary plexus, from where the lymph drained into lymphatics of the submucosal and the muscular layers , then drained into the lymph vessels of the serosal layer. The cast of the lymphatics showed the notch corresponding to the bicuspid valve, numerous oval or fusifomr impressions of the endothelial nuclei were observed on the surface of the lymphatic corrosion cast.Conclusion The central lacteals drained into mucosal lymphatic capillary plexus which drained into lymphatics of the submucosal and muscular layers, which connected with the lympl vessels of the serosal layer.