对北京市远郊区县呼吸专业医师哮喘教育情况的调查

目的 了解远郊区县呼吸专业医师哮喘教育的基本情况,为进一步个性和制定哮喘教育工作计划提供理论依据。方法 对北京市全部10家远郊区县医院的呼吸内科或内科呼吸专业组进行调查,调查人数总计81人,其中住院医35人,主治医师27人,主任／副主任医师19人。调查方式采用实际操作考核和问卷调查相结合。结果 对“GINA的含义”回答正确仅8．6％（7／81）。回答《中国支气管哮喘防治指南》是由中华医学会呼吸病学分会制订仅占半数（55．6％,45／81）;关于定量气雾剂正确使用的6个步骤,实际操作时完全正确仅约占1／5（22．2％,18／81）;对“慢性持续期患控制慢性症状和预防发作最主要的治疗”。回答为“吸入糖皮质激素”仅43．2％（35／81）。在参加哮喘学习或教育的机会方面,近2／3（61．7％,50／81）的医师在近1年内未参加过哮喘讲座或学习班。关于“讲座或学习班的举办”,参加医学会举办22人次,占首位,可以看了学会在哮喘教育中的感召能力。在指导患监测病情方面,仅18．5％（15／81）的医师指导过小部分患使用峰流速仪,而81．5％的医师“从未听说过”或“已听说过”,但未指导患使用”。结论 远郊区县医院哮喘的医师教育情况不能令人满意。改变目前的哮喘教育模式,到基层去,采用远郊区县巡回教育的方式,具有教育面广的特点,值得进一步尝试。

An investigation on asthma education by respiratory specialists in the remote suburban districts and counties of Beijing

Objectives To investigate current status in asthma education in the remote suburban districts and counties of Beijing and to provide basis to draw up and modify the work plan for asthma education. Methods Ten district or county hospitals in the remote suburban areas of Beijing were investigated, and 81 professionals in respiratory disease subspecialty of internal medicine were selected to answer the questionnaire and their practical performance was observed, including 35 residents, 27 attending physicians and 19 chief or deputy chief physicians. Results Only 8.6% (7/81) of them could correctly answer the question "What is the GINA?" And, 55.6% (45/81) of them could correctly answer the question "Is the Guidelines for Prevention and Treatment of Asthma in China formulated by Chinese Society of Respiratory Disease, Chinese Medical Association? " About one fifths of the interviewee (22.2% , 18/81) could correctly master the six steps in manipulation of metered-dose inhaler. Nearly two thirds of the interviewee (31.7% , 50/81) could correctly answer that "Inhalation of glucocosteroids is the most important treatment to control persistent episodes and chronic symptoms in asthma patients and to prevent asthma attack. About two thirds of physicians (61.7% ,50/81) did not attend any lectures or workshops on asthma during the recent year, and only 22 of them attended lectures or workshops on asthma sponsored by the medical association, reflecting its influence in asthma education. Only 15 of 81 physicians (18.5%) could instruct a few patients to use the peak airflow meter to monitor their conditions, and other 81.5% of the physicians "never heard about peak airflow meter" or "having ever heard about it but never instructed the patients to use it". Conclusions Asthma education by the respiratory disease specialists in the hospitals at remote suburban districts and counties hasn't improved obviously. It is worthy to have a try in changing and modifying asthma education model and going round the remote suburban districts and counties to provide asthma education.