青年人肺癌的临床及病理特征分析

目的探讨青年人肺癌的临床特点及病理特征。方法对24例经外科手术切除的青年人肺癌的临床及病理资料进行回顾性分析，并结合文献加以讨论。结果24例中男17例，女7例，占同期手术治疗肺癌患者的9．76％（24／246）；年龄25～40岁；主要症状为咳嗽、咯血或血痰、胸痛、胸闷、发热及消瘦，6例患者无任何症状。肿瘤位于左肺11例，右肺13例；中心型肺癌10例，周围型肺癌14例。11例术前误诊为其他疾病，误诊率45．83％。全组病例均行手术切除，无围术期死亡及严重并发症。病理类型为腺癌14例（58．33％），鳞癌6例（25．oo％），小细胞癌3例（12．50％），大细胞癌1例（4．17％）。腺癌、鳞癌、小细胞癌及大细胞癌的淋巴结转移率分别为85．71％、4／6、2／3、1／1。结论青年人肺癌误诊率高，病理类型主要以腺癌为主，分化程度较低，外侵严重，淋巴结转移率高，预后差。

Clinicopathological Analysis of 24 Cases of Lung Cancer in Young Patients

Objective To inquire into the clinical and pathological characteristics of lung cancer in patients under 40 years of age （ the lung cancer in young patients）. Methods The clinical and pathological data of 24 cases of patients under 40 years of age with lung cancer were retrospectively studied and other reported articles were reviewed. Results All cases were surgically resected. No death and severe complications were observed during the perioperative period. By pathology, 58. 33% were adenocarcinoma, 25.00% were squamous carcinoma, 12. 50% were small cell carcinoma and 4. 17% large cell carcimoma. The lymph node metastasis rates for adenocarcinoma, squamous carcinoma, small cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma were 85.71%, 66. 67%, 66.67% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion The misdiagnosis rate of the lung cancer in young patients is high, the chief pathological type is adenocarcinoma, and they are poorly differentiated in total, and it is an independent entity with massive invasiveness, high lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis.