维持性血液透析患者的心理问题及护理措施

目的探讨维持性血液透析患者不同阶段的心理状态。方法采用SCL-90症状量表对63名患者进行问卷调查和统计学分析，分别按血液透析年限和是否参加工作进行分组比较。结果维持性血液透析患者的心理问题以躯体化症状、焦虑、抑郁、恐怖症状为主。结论护理人员应根据维持性血液透析患者不同程度的心理同题，采取积极有效的心理护理措施，提高维持性血液透析患者的透析质量和生活质量。

Psychoanalysis and Nursing Measure of Patients under Chronic Hemodialysis

Objective To investigate the relationship between duration of hemodialysis, whether or not doing work and psychological state, psychoanalysis of patients in different periods of hemodialysis was taken. Method Psychological state was tested by SCL-90 measuring scale in sixty-three patients according to their duration of hemodialysis and whether or not doing work. Results Somatization symptoms, anxiety, depression and phobia were the major psychological problems in chronic hemodialysis patients. The patients had the most severe symptoms at 6 months and 1 year of hemodialysis. The patients who worked had better mental state than those who didn't work. Conclusion Somatization symptoms, anxiety, depression and phobia were the major psychological problems in chronic hemodialysis patients, mostly during early period of hemodialysis. Effective nursing measures should be taken based on different patients to improve hemodialysis quality and life quality.