综合性医院妇产科医院感染的危险因素分析与护理对策

目的调查和分析综合性医院妇产科医院感染发生状况，并制定相应的护理措施来控制和降低医院感染的发生率。方法采用回顾性调查方法，对2005年1月至12月3150侧妇产科出院患者（妇科1910例；产科1240例）进行院内感染的调查、统计和分析。培果妇科发生院内感染57例，感染率为2．98％。妇科病房中高龄患者、化疗患者是医院感染的高危人群；住院时间越长感染率越高。常见感染部位依次为呼吸道、泌尿道、胃肠道等。产科发生院内感染10例。感染率为0．81％。妊娠合并并发症的患者是高危人群，常见感染部位依次为呼吸道，泌尿道，宫腔等。结论严格执行无菌操作。加强病房管理、基础护理和健康教育，缩短留置尿管时间和住院天数。可以降低妇产科的医院感染。

Risk Factors and Nursing Strategies for Nosocomial Infections in Obstetrics and Gynecology Wards in Polyclinic Hospitals

Objective To investigate the nosocomial infection in the obstetrics and gynecology wards of polyclinic hospitals and to propose nursing strategies to reduce the incidence of infection.Methods Nosocomial infection rates were investigated retrospectively in 3 150 patients discharged from the obstetrics and gynecology wards of our hospital between Jan 2005 and Dec 2005.Results Hospital infection occurred in 57 cases in gynecology ward(57/1 910,2.98%).The elder patients and chemotherapy patients had higher risk to get the nosocomial infection.The longer of hospital stay,the higher risk of nosocomial infection.The common sites of nosocomial infection were respiratory tract,urinary tract and gastrointestinal tract,respectively.Hospital infection occurred in 10 cases in obstetrics ward(10/1 240,0.81%).Patients with pregnant complications were at higher risk to get the nosocomial infection.The common sites of nosocomial infection were respiratory tract,urinary tract and uterine lacuna,respectively.Conclusion The possible measures to reduce nosocomial infection include reinforcing disinfection and sterilization,strengthening hospital management,basic nursing and health education,and shortening the time of catheter and hospitalization.