维持性血液透析患者高钾血症的影响因素

目的探讨导致维持性血液透析患者高钾血症的相关因素。方法以102例维持性血液透析患者为研究对象。常规检测透析前、后血清钾,透析前血钠,血糖,二氧化碳结合力等,应用放射免疫法检测患者清晨透析前平卧位血清醛固酮浓度,记录应用药物血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂、血管紧张素受体阻断剂、β受体阻断剂等和残尿量,糖尿病史等情况。用Pearson相关分析及Logistic回归法分析各参数关系。结果102例患者中有36例发生高钾血症。Pearson相关分析显示维持性血液透析与患者高钾血症与饮食钾摄入量相关(r=0.66,P=0.000),与血清醛固酮水平、应用肾素血管紧张素系统阻断剂、糖尿病史无相关性。Logistic回归分析结果显示,饮食钾摄入量是维持性血透患者高钾血症的独立影响因素。结论高钾饮食是引发血液透析患者高钾血症的独立影响因素。

Factors Associated with Hyperkalemia in Patients with Maintenance Hemodialysis

Objective To investigate the factors related to hyperkalemia in stable hemodialysis patients.Methods A total of 102 patients on maintenance hemodialysis were enrolled in the study.Serum potassium levels before and after hemodialysis,glucose,carbon dioxide binding-capacity were determined by standard methods;serum aldosterone levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in the morning at supine position and drug administrations(ACEI,ARB,β-receptor blocker),residual urine volume,history of diabetes mellitus were ...