2002~2007年广西壮族自治区血吸虫病监测结果分析

目的了解广西壮族自治区血吸虫病监测现状。方法人群以酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）进行血清学筛查,阳性者再以尼龙绢集卵孵化法进行粪便检查;耕牛以塑料杯顶管孵化法检查;野鼠用解剖法检查病原。每年春秋两季采用系统抽样结合环境抽查法查螺,对查获的钉螺用压片法和逸蚴法检查有无血吸虫感染。结果2002-2007年当地居民血检28165人,阳性417人,阳性率1.5%,粪检5718人无感染者;在流动人口监测中查出11例外源性病人;耕牛粪检21820头,解剖野鼠13894只,未发现血吸虫感染;累计查螺面积12095.1hm^2,查出3处残存螺点,面积分别为2.1、1.3、3.3hm^2;分别检查钉螺1518、4640只和1785只,并检查和走访螺点周围居民、检查耕牛,未发现血吸虫感染病人和动物。结论广西区血吸虫病监测成效明显,但工作量大,监测策略可作适当调整。

Surveillance of schistosomiasis in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 2002-2007

Objective To understand the situation of schistosomiasis control in Guangxi. Methods The residents were screened for schistosomiasis with ELISA to test the antibodies in sera and the seropositive cases were examined by the stool examination. The infections in cattle were detected by the stool examination and the infections in wild rats by the dissection. The surveillance of Oncomelania hupensis snails was conducted in the spring and autumn every year by using the systematic sampling combined with the environmental sampling method, and the snails collected were tested for infection by using the cercarial shedding method. Results From 2002 to 2007, 28165 individuals were screened with ELISA and 417 cases （1.5%） were seropositive. With stool examination, no infection was found in 5718 persons from Guangxi, but 11 cases from other provinces were recorded. No infection was found in 21820 farm cattle and 13894 wild rats. The area of snail surveillance reached 12095.1 hm2 and three reemerging snail habitats with areas of 2.1,1.3 hm2 and 3.3 hm2 were found, but no schistosome infection was found in 1 518, 4640 and 1785 snails from the three sites. Conclusions The surveillance of schistosomiasis is successful and effective in Guangxi, but the task is too heavy. The surveillance strategy needs to be modified in the future.