Human milk oligosaccharides are associated with protection against diarrhea in breast-fed infants |
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Authors: | Morrow Ardythe L Ruiz-Palacios Guillermo M Altaye Mekibib Jiang Xi Guerrero M Lourdes Meinzen-Derr Jareen K Farkas Tibor Chaturvedi Prasoon Pickering Larry K Newburg David S |
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Institution: | Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039, USA. Ardythe.Morrow@chmcc.org |
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Abstract: | OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between maternal milk levels of 2-linked fucosylated oligosaccharide and prevention of diarrhea as a result of Campylobacter, caliciviruses, and diarrhea of all causes in breast-fed infants. STUDY DESIGN: Data and banked samples were analyzed from 93 breast-feeding mother-infant pairs who were prospectively studied during 1988-1991 from birth to 2 years with infant feeding and diarrhea data collected weekly; diarrhea was diagnosed by a study physician. Milk samples obtained 1 to 5 weeks postpartum were analyzed for oligosaccharide content. Data were analyzed by Poisson regression. RESULTS: Total 2-linked fucosyloligosaccharide in maternal milk ranged from 0.8 to 20.8 mmol/L (50%-92% of milk oligosaccharide). Moderate-to-severe diarrhea of all causes (n=77 cases) occurred less often (P=.001) in infants whose milk contained high levels of total 2-linked fucosyloligosaccharide as a percent of milk oligosaccharide. Campylobacter diarrhea (n=31 cases) occurred less often (P=.004) in infants whose mother's milk contained high levels of 2'-FL, a specific 2-linked fucosyloligosaccharide, and calicivirus diarrhea (n=16 cases) occurred less often (P=.012) in infants whose mother's milk contained high levels of lacto-N-difucohexaose (LDFH-I), another 2-linked fucosyloligosaccharide. CONCLUSION: This study provides novel evidence suggesting that human milk oligosaccharides are clinically relevant to protection against infant diarrhea. |
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Keywords: | 2′FL 2′fucosyllactose 3-FL 3-fucosyllactose LNF-I Lacto-N-fuco-pentaose I LNF-II Lacto-N-fuco-pentaose II LDFH-I Lacto-N-difucohexaose LDFT Lactodifucotetraose LNneoT Lacto-N-neotetraose LNT Lacto-N-tetraose |
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