氟虫腈杀红火蚁饵剂药效试验及施用技术研究

目的观察氟虫腈饵剂对红火蚁的防控效果,并制定其施用技术规范。方法采用野外小区试验和单蚁巢试验相结合的方法。结果 0.0005%、0.005%、0.05%3个浓度梯度的小区试验结果表明,0.05%氟虫腈饵剂的杀灭效果最理想,供试小区内每巢投药量6g,施药3d后即可见效,活动蚁巢校正减退率为9.52%,工蚁校正减退率为43.94%;施药6d后即可达到明显的控制效果,活动蚁巢校正减退率为74.03%,工蚁校正减退率为98.05%;施药27和30d后,工蚁减退率和活动蚁巢减退率均达到100%,并且该药剂对其它节肢动物类群没有明显影响。单蚁巢试验结果表明,0.05%氟虫腈饵剂对25～30cm成熟蚁巢的最适施药量为5g/巢,夏季红火蚁取食活跃时间为17：00以后,冬季为9：00-17：00,将饵剂均匀撒施在蚁丘表面的施药方式工蚁搬运时间最短。结论 0.05%氟虫腈饵剂具有作用快速,杀灭彻底,对非靶标节肢动物安全的特点。其施用技术规范为25～30cm的成熟蚁巢的最适施药量为5g/巢,并应以此为标准视蚁巢大小增减施药量,夏季最适施药时间为17：00以后,冬季为9：00-17：00,最佳施药方式为将饵剂均匀撒施在蚁丘表面。

Efficacy and application methods of fipronil baits against Solenopsis invicta

Objective The efficacy of fipronil baits against Solenopsis invicta was determined and the technical specifications for application of the baits were developed.Methods A combination of small-scale field experiments and single nest experiments was used.Results The results of small-scale field experiments using the three concentration gradients,0.0005%,0.005% and 0.05%,showed that the 0.05% fipronil baits had the best killing effect,which was evident beyond 3 d after application on a dose of 6 g for each ant nest in the experiment areas.The adjusted decrease rate of active ant nests was 9.52%,and that of worker ants was 43.94%.Significant control effects were observed beyond 6 d after application of the baits,the adjusted decrease rate of active ant nests being 74.03% and that of worker ants 98.05%.At day 27 and 30,both decrease rates reached 100%.Additionally,the baits had no obvious effect on any other arthropod.The results of single nest experiments showed that the optimal dosage of the 0.05% fipronil baits for 25-30 cm mature nests was 5 g/nest.It was shown that the active time of feeding for S.invicta was beyond 17：00 in summer and from 9：00 to 17：00 in winter.Evenly spraying the baits on the surface of ant hills would contribute to the shortest time for worker ants to deposit the baits.Conclusion The 0.05% fipronil baits can rapidly and completely kill S.invicta ants while sparing non-target arthropods.The technical specifications for application are as follows：based on the recognized optimal dosage,5 g/nest,for 25-30 cm mature nests,the actual application amount can be adjusted according to the size of nest.The optimal application time was after 17：00 in summer and from 9：00 to 17：00 in winter.The best way to apply the baits is by evenly spraying them on the surface of ant hills.