广州市荔湾区HIV抗体筛查阳性与免疫印迹试验结果比较

目的通过对HIV抗体试验初筛(ELISA)阳性与免疫印迹试验(WB)结果进行对比分析,探求HIV抗体筛查阳性与确证实验结果的关系。方法对98份ELISA方法检测为阳性的样本与其WB法确证结果进行比较,分析ELI-SA检测S/CO值变化与WB结果的关系。结果 HIV抗体筛查阳性标本经免疫印迹确证试验,阳性的有91例,均为HIV-1抗体阳性,阴性3例,结果不确定的4例。ELISA与WB的阳性符合率为92.86%。确认为阳性标本的S/CO平均值为14.01;不确定标本S/CO值的平均为6.65;阴性标本S/CO值的平均为5.17。在阳性标本中,gp160、gp120出现率最高为100%,p24为98.90%,而p55,p17出现率较低,分别为58.24%及69.23%,其余条带出现率均达到90%以上;不确定标本中,gp160、gp120、p24条带出现的几率最高,均为100%,p17出现率为25%。结论 HIV初筛试验存在假阳性结果,HIV抗体结果的报告必须以确认结果为准。高S/CO值预示HIV抗体阳性的可能性较大。WB确认方法检测不确定标本有一定的缺陷。

Comparative analysis of HIV antibody screening positives and Western Blot test results in Liwan District,Guangzhou

Objective To compare the results of samples positive for HIV screened by ELISA with that tested by Western Blot. Methods The results of 98 positive samples screened by ELISA were compared with that tested byWB. The relationship between ELISA and WB results were studied based upon the variations of ELISA S/CO value. Results There were 91 HIV-1 positive samples 3 negative specimens, 4 uncertain specimens confirmed by WB test among positive samples screened. The positive coincidence of ELISA with WB was 92.86%. The S/CO average value of confirmed positive asmples was 14.01, the S/CO average value of uncertain samples was 6.65 and the S/CO average value of confirmed negative smples was 5.17. Among the positive samples The presence rates of gpl60 and gpl20 reactive bands was 100%, p24 was 98.9%, while p55 and p17 were lower （58.24% and 69.23%,）, and others was over 90%. Among uncertain samples, the presence rates of gpl60, gpl20 and p24 were 100%, and that of p17 was 25%. Conclusion The final results of HIV antibody test must be confirmed by WB test as false positives do exist in the screening test. When the S/CO value is high, it is most possible that the sample is positive. WB test is limited in detection of uncertain samples