琼海市2008～2013年农村饮用水卫生状况

目的调查琼海市2008~2013年农村安全饮水工程水质状况,并针对存在问题提出整改建议。方法以2008~2013年每年随机抽取一定数量农村安全饮水工程为监测点,进行枯水期、丰水期2次监测,检测常规指标19项,按《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB5749-2006)判定结果。结果 6年间共抽取202个监测点808份水样,总合格率为58.91%。不同时期即枯水期、丰水期水样合格率间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。不同年份水样合格率间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。出厂水、末梢水的水样合格率间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。不同类别检测指标即感官指标、一般理化指标、毒理学指标、微生物指标水样的合格率间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。不同类型供水工程即市政管网延伸工程、非市政管网延伸工程的水样合格率间差异有统计学差异(P0.05)。结论琼海市农村安全饮水工程水质合格率逐年升高,不合格主要原因为微生物污染严重,提示应加强安全饮水工程的工艺处理和消毒,加强管理和日常维护,减少管道内流动污染,加强卫生监督监测管理,共同帮助寻找水质问题和解决问题。

Hygienic survey of rural drinking water quality in Qionghai city during 2008-2013

Objective To investigate the hygienic conditions of rural drinking water quality in Qionghai city during 2008-2013 so as to provide evidence for improvement measures. Methods The water samples were collected from randomized monitoring points in dry season and rainy season and 19 regular indices from 2008~2013 were evaluated in accordance with the Sanitary Standard for Drinking Water （GB5749-2006）. Results The qualified rate of 808 water samples from 202 monitoring points during six years was 58.91% , and no significant difference in qualified rate between dry season and wet season was found （P〉0.05）. There was significant differences in qualified rate in different sampling years（P〈0.05）, between finished water and tap water （P〈0.05）,among different kinds of indices including sensory, general physicochemical, toxicological and microbiological indices（P〈0.05）, and between two types of water supplying projects （i.e. municipal pipe extending project and non-municipal pipe extending project） （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The qualified rate of rural safe drinking water in Qionghai city increased annually. Water disqualification is mainly caused by microorganism pollution. Therefore, the work of technological processing, disinfection, management, daily maintenance and reduction of mobile pollution in the pipe be strengthened.