轻链和免疫球蛋白检测对多发性骨髓瘤的诊断意义

目的探讨轻链和免疫球蛋白检测在多发性骨髓瘤(Multiple myeloma,MM)诊断中的临床意义。方法选择53例MM患者以及30例正常对照者,用免疫比浊法测定血清免疫球蛋白(Ig A、IgG、IgM)、β2-MG和κ、λ轻链,计算κ/λ比值,同时检测血清尿素氮(UREA)和肌酐(CREA)。对检测结果进行统计学分析。结果在53例MM患者中,以IgG型MM患者最多,占54.72%,其中以IgGκ型为主。各型MM患者及正常对照组κ、λ及κ/λ比值结果比较,IgGκ型κ/λ比值明显升高,而IgGλ型κ/λ明显降低,与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05)。轻链型MM和IgG型MM的IgG二者比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论血清轻链和免疫球蛋白及κ/λ比值的测定可为MM的诊断提供较好的临床依据。

Clinical significance of detection of light chain and immunoglobulin in diagnosis of multiple myeloma

Objective To assess the clinical value of detection of serum light chains and immunoglobulin in diagnosis of multiple myeloma （MY）.Methods Immunoturbidimetry was used to detect serum immunoglobulin,β2-MG, light chains , then the κ/λ. ratio, UREA and CREA in 53 MM and 30 healthy persons were calculated. The results were compared with healthy control .Results Among the 53 MM cases, most of them were IgG MM cases occupied 54.72% mainly with IgG κ λAmong the MM cases the κ/λ ratio was significant increased in lgG k MM cases, the κ/λ ratio was significant decreased in IgG κ λ. MM cases showing statistical differences compared with health control cases （P〈0.05）,Significant difference was noticed in comparison of light chain MM cases with IgG MM cases（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The measurement of serum light chains and immunoglobulins can offer evidence for diagnosis of MM cases.