海口美沙酮门诊吸毒人群HIV、HCV和TP感染状况调查

目的了解海口市美沙酮门诊吸毒人群人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)、梅毒螺旋体(TP)感染状况以及认知情况,为更好地制定防治措施提供科学依据。方法采集海口市皮肤性病防治中心美沙酮门诊435例吸毒人员的静脉血进行HIV、HCV和梅毒血清学检测,并对其进行HIV、HCV和TP感染的认知情况调查和分析。结果435例吸毒人员HIV抗体阳性率为0.46%,HCV抗体阳性率为55.89%,梅毒血清学抗体阳性率为6.90%;婚姻状况、学历间的HCV抗体阳性率差异均具有统计学意义(P均0.05);性别、学历间的梅毒血清学阳性率差异均具有统计学意义(P均0.05);HCV/TP合并感染率为5.06%;HIV/HCV合并感染率为0.23%。治疗过程中由于再吸毒导致的HCV和TP感染,分别占再吸毒总人数的66.67%和11.11%。吸毒人群对HIV的认知程度较高,但对HCV和TP的认知相对较低。结论海口市美沙酮门诊吸毒人群中以HCV的感染率和女性TP感染率较高,HCV/TP合并感染和复吸毒再感染现象严重,应积极开展健康教育并采取针对性的干预措施,并加强HCV和TP的宣传。

Survey of infectious status of HIV,HCV and TP among drug addicts in Haikou methadone outpatient

Objective To understand the infectious status of HIV, hepatitis C （HCV）, and syphilis （TP） among drug addicts in order to provide scientific basis for formulating preventive measures. Methods The levels of serum antibodies of 435 drug addicts with HIV, HCV and TP were determined, followed by an investigation on their cognition of HIV, HCV and TP. The results were analyzed. ResuLts The positive rates of ant/bodies to HIV, HCV and TP among the drug addicts were 0.46%, 55.89%, 6.90% respectively. The antibody positive rate to HCV between drug users with marital status and educational backgrounds were statistically significant （P〈0.05）. The positive rates of antibody to TP among drug users showed statistically significant difference between gender and educational levels （P〈0.05%）. The co-infection rates of HIV/TP and HIV/HCV were 5.06% and 0.23%. The infection rates of HCV and TP among relapsed drug addicts during treatment accounted for 66.7% and 11.11%. Some drug addicts were ignorant of comprehensive HIV, HCV and TP knowledge, instead they were more awareness of HIV infection than HCV and TP infection. Conclusion The infection rate of HCV among drug users was higher and prevalent rate of TP was higher among women. HCV/TP co-infection and reinfection in relapsed drug addicts were extremely severe. Health education and appropriate intervention measures should be actively carried out, while the propaganda of HCV and TP knowledge should be strengthened.