《活幼心书》学术思想初探

《活幼心书》系元代儿科名医曾世荣所撰,他在小儿的养育和病证的辨证论治方面具有许多独到的见解：①提倡科学养育观,以预防为主,防止疾病的发生;②提出先后缓急证治的原则,警示后人避免妄行施治而导致严重后果发生;③在论治疾病过程中应遵循先表后里或表里同治以及攻补先后的原则,强调调理脾胃在儿科治疗中的重要性;④首倡惊风“四证”、“八候”概念,认为治惊应该审察病源,抓住病机关键,要特别注重气机升降出入,以调畅气机为要点。

Briefly on Academic Thoughts in Huo You Xin Shu

The Book of Huo You Xin Shu was written by Zeng Shirong,a famous pediatrics doctor in Yuan Dynasty.Based on his ancestors' experiences,together with his own long-term clinical practices,this book discussed critically on issues of how to nurture children and the treatment based on syndrome differentiation. He promoted the concept of scientific nurture and criticized the problems associated with in bringing up children.He suggested that every aspect of the children's daily life must be taken care of under the guidance of scientific recommendations in order to allow children to growth up healthily.Prophylaxis should go ahead of treatment.He mentioned the importance to carefully investigate in the causes and origins of diseases and to accurately distinguish between the exterior signs and interior causes.For an acute case,symptoms should be dealt with first,while for a chronic one the root cause is treated.He pointed out this principle to remind us a dire consequence may be caused due to misdiagnosis and rash treatment.Before the treatment,we have to differentiate between exterior and interior,cold and heat,deficiency and excess,and follow the principle of simultaneous treatment of both exterior and interior,elimination and reinforcement.Moreover,he paid special attention to the effect of Spleen and Stomach functions in developing pediatrics diseases,emphasizing the importance of regulating them in pediatrics treatment.He was the first person to initiate the concept of "four causes of infantile convulsion(Si Zheng)"and "eight syndromes in infantile convulsion(Ba Hou)".He thought that we ought to investigate the causes of disease,catch the key of pathogenesis,pay great attention to the Qi activity,and the most importantly,regulate Qi activity in treatment.