工作付出与获得平衡状态对乡镇企业工人心理健康的影响

目的研究不同付出与获得平衡状态乡镇企业工人的心理健康状况。方法抽取不同行业的乡镇企业工人576人，填写付出与获得不平衡自评问卷调查表和症状自评量表。结果乡镇企业工人心理健康状况随付出与获得不平衡水平的加剧而下降..不平衡状态、分界点组躯体化症状、忧郁等9个因子的得分均明显高于平衡状态组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。不平衡状态组的躯体化症状、忧郁、焦虑、人际敏感、精神病性得分高于分界点组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。超负荷状态组躯体化症状等7个因子分高于未超负荷状态组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。不平衡状态和超负荷状态下，除恐怖因子外，男性组分别有5个因子分和3个因子分较女性组高，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。

Influence of Effort-Reward Balance on the Workers' Psychological Health

Objective] To study the psychologically health condition of the workers in different conditions of effort-reward balance.Methods] 576 workers in different industries were randomly selected to fill in the questionnaires and symptom check list on the effort-reward balance at work.Results] The psychological condition of the workers in the rural enterprises decreased rapidly with the decrease of effort-reward imbalance degree;the scores of the 9 factors in the imbalance group and division group were all significantly higher than that of the balance group(P<0.05);the scores of somatization,depression,anxiety,interpersonal sensitivity and neurosis in the imbalance group were all significantly higher than that of the division group(P<0.05);7 factors of the overload group were higher than that of the non-overload group,the difference was significant(P<0.05);under the condition of imbalance and overload,5 and 3 factors respectively except for the horror factor in the male group were higher than that of the female group,the difference was significant(P<0.05).Conclusion] The effort-reward imbalance is proved to influence the psychological health of the workers in the rural enterprises.