心血管病患者血培养的病原菌分类及耐药性分析

目的 了解心血管住院患者血培养中分离的病原菌种类并对其耐药性进行分析。方法 对中国医学科学院阜外心血管医院2001～2003年住院患者血培养中分离出的病原菌分类且对其药敏结果进行分析。结果 在395株病原菌中G^ 球菌占49．4％，G^-杆菌占31．1％，真菌占13．9％，其中位居前几位的细菌为：耐甲氧西林的葡萄球菌(MRS)，肠球菌，嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌，肺炎克雷伯菌及肠肝菌，分别占病原菌的24．1％，16．2％，9．1％，7．8％及7．6％。MRS占葡萄球菌的74．8％，未出现耐万古的葡萄球菌及肠球菌。G^-杆菌对力百汀(Amocillin／Clavulam)、优力新(Ampcillin/sulbactam)、氨曲南(Aztreonam)、头孢呋新(Cefuroxime)耐药率高，对亚胺培南敏感率最高。结论 了解血培养中病原菌分布，监测其耐药率，对有效控制和预防严重感染起重要作用。

Typing of pathogenic bacteria isolated from cardiovascular patients and analysis of resistance to antibiotics

Objective To investigate the pathogen in blood culture and analyze its resistance to antibiotics. Methods The pathogens isolated from cultured blood of inpatients in Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences in 2001 - 2003 were classified and its resistance to antibiotics was analyzed. Results Of the 395 isolated pathogen strains G+ , G- and Fungi accounted for 49.4% , 31.1% and 14.9%, respectively. The main pathogens are multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus , Enterococcus , Stenotrophomonas Malllltophilia, Klebsiella pneumonia and enterobacterial species accounted for 24.1 % , 16.2% , 9.1% and 7.8%, respectively.Multidrug resistant pathogens accounted for 74.8% of the Staphylococcus and on resistance to van-comycin was observed. High resistance of G - to amocillin/clavulam, Ampicillin/sulbactam, Aztreonam and cefuxime was also noticed and they are still very sensitive to imipnenm. Conclusion It is important to understand the distribution of pathogen in cultured blood, monitor their resistance to antibiotics and effective prevention and control of infection.