从数术看经脉理论和针刺方法

本文梳理了秦汉文献中有关数术的记载,参考了国外学者的有关论述,并将其与中医典籍进行对照,以探讨古代数术与经脉理论和针刺方法的联系.结果发现十一脉体系是五输穴、原穴、全身腧穴的数理基础,在中医理论中占有重要地位.十二经脉体系的建立使得脏腑经脉表里相合、营气环流得以实现.针灸在针具、刺法、禁忌等多个方面都受到数术的影响.经脉理论的构建充满了哲学思辨,具有一定主观成分,但并不影响古人对脏腑经脉的生理现象所进行的整体观察.

Analysis on theory of meridians and acupuncture manipulation based on ancient Shushu

The theories of Shushu in the literature of Qin and Han periods are reorganized and related expositions of foreign scholars are consulted, and Shushu theory is compared with the recordation in ancient medical books so as to probe into the relationship between Shushu and theory of meridians together with acupuncture manipu-lation. It is found that the eleven meridians system is the mathematical foundation of Five Shu Poits, Yuan-primary acupoints and the acupoints of all over the body, and which plays an important role in the theories of TCM. The exterior-interior relationship between viscera and meridians and circulation of ying-qi can be executed on the establishments of twelve meridians system. Shushu can affect needling instrument, needling methods, contraindications, etc. The construction of the meridians theory is full of philosophical dialectics, and it has certain subjectivity but does not influence the ancients to observe physiological phenomenon of viscera and meridians generally.