Contaminación del aire y síntomas recientes de asma,rinitis alérgica y eccema atópico en escolares de 6 y 7 años |
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| Authors: | Alberto Arnedo-Pena,Luis Garcí a-Marcos,Ignacio Carvajal Urueñ a,Rosa Busquets Monge,Marí a Morales Suá rez-Varela,Izaskun Miner Canflanca,José Batlles Garrido,Alfredo Blanco Quiró s,Á ngel Ló pez-Silvarrey Varela,Gloria Garcí a Herná ndez,Iné s Aguinaga Ontoso,Carlos Gonzá lez Dí az |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Sección de Epidemiología, Centro de Salud Pública, Castellón, España;2. Unidades de Neumología y de Alergia Pediátrica, Hospital Infantil Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Murcia, España;3. Centro de Salud La Ería, Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, España;4. Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, España;5. Unidad de Salud Pública y Medio Ambiente, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Universidad de Valencia, CIBER CB06/02/0045, CIBER Actions-Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Fundación para la Investigación, Grupo de investigación, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Valencia, España;6. Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital de Donostia, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, España;g Unidad de Neumología Infantil, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Torrecárdenas, Almería, España;h Departamento de Pediatría, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, España;i Fundación María José Jove, La Coruña, España;j Unidad de Neumología y Alergia Pediátrica, Hospital Infantil 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España;k Departamento de Epidemiología, Ayuntamiento de Pamplona, Pamplona, Navarra, España;l Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital de Basurto, Bilbao, Vizcaya, España |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to analyze the relationship between air pollutants and the prevalence of recent symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic eczema in schoolchildren aged between 6 and 7 years.Patients and MethodsThe prevalence of recent (previous 12 months) symptoms of allergic diseases was obtained by means of the questionnaire of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC), Spain, with the participation of 7 centers (Asturias, Barcelona, Bilbao, Cartagena, La Coruña, Madrid, and Valencia) and 20 455 schoolchildren aged between 6 and 7 years, from 2002 to 2003. The pollutant detection systems of the aforementioned centers provided the mean annual concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and total suspended particulate matter.ResultsThe annual average concentration of SO2 showed a significant association with a higher prevalence of recent severe asthma (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] between level-1 and level-3 pollution, 1.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–1.73), rhinitis (aOR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.39–1.75), and rhinoconjunctivitis (aOR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.45–2.00). The annual average concentration of CO was associated with a higher prevalence of rhinitis (aOR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.34–2.04), rhinoconjunctivitis (aOR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.31–2.37), and eczema (aOR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.17–2.04). The annual average concentration for NO2 and total suspended particulate matter showed inverse associations with the prevalence of nocturnal dry cough.ConclusionsFindings suggest that air pollutants such as SO2 and CO increase the risk of recent symptoms of asthma and allergic rhinitis in schoolchildren aged between 6 and 7 years in Spain. |
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| Keywords: | Asma Contaminació n atmosfé rica Dió xido de azufre Dió xido de nitró geno Eccema ató pico Escolares Rinitis alé rgica |
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