上海市部分地区儿童水痘疫苗免疫后流行病学效果观察

目的]观察水痘疫苗接种情况和接种水痘疫苗1~7年后的水痘发病情况。方法]在本市部分地区选择接种组和未接种组儿童,采用统一调查问卷调查水痘疫苗接种情况和水痘发病情况。结果]调查地区儿童水痘疫苗累积接种率为4.12%,12岁以下人群为26.90%。1999~2005年接种组总发病率为1.00%,未接种组为4.35%,水痘疫苗接种保护率为77.0%;各年接种组发病率分别为1.62%、2.06%、0.29%、0.43%和0.66%,疫苗接种保护率在67.9%~90.3%之间;接种进口和国产水痘疫苗后水痘发病率分别为0.8%和1.0%,疫苗接种保护率分别为81.6%和75.3%。结论]本市儿童水痘疫苗接种率呈上升趋势。水痘疫苗对接种者具有较好的保护率,进口和国产水痘疫苗的保护率相似。

An epidemiological investigation on varicella vaccination among children in some areas of Shanghai

Objective] To understand the coverage rate of varicella vaccine and the incidence rate of varicella after 1 - 7 years vaccination in Shanghai. Methods ] The coverage rate and incidence rate of varicella vaccine were obtained through the standard questionnaire for the vaccinated and unvaccinated group in the selected districts. Results] In the selected districts the cumulative coverage rate of varicelle vaccine reached to 4.12% for the whole population and 26.90% for the population under 12 years old. From 1999 to 2005, the total incidence rate was 1.00% for vaccinated group and 4.35% for unvaccinated group so that the protection rate was 77.0%. The annual incidence rate for vaccinated group was 1.62%, 2.06%, 0. 29%, 0.43% and 0.66% respectively and the protection rate was between 67.9% - 90. 3%. The incidence rate after vaccinated by imported and homemade vaccine was 0.8% and 1.0% and the protection rate was 81.6% and 75.3% respectively, Conclusion] The coverage rate of the varicella vaccine for children is in the rising trend. The protection rate of varicella vaccine is quite good and there has no significant difference for the protection rate between imported and homemade vaccine.