初发糖尿病患者心理护理工作的研究

目的探讨心理护理对初发糖尿病患者患病早期的心理状态的影响。方法对34例初发糖尿病患者在患病早期进行深度访谈,并采用现象学分析法分析资料。结果将初发糖尿病患者患病早期的真实体验归纳为4个主题：（1）确诊前的自我感受;（2）对确诊结果的心理承受差,否认与求证的患者占47.05%,焦虑与绝望占23.52%;（3）适应角色改变,患者经治疗后,自我反省占29.41%,对治疗方案的不理解占11.76%,对家人抱怨占4.70%;（4）拟出院及出院后心理改变。结论初发糖尿病患者患病早期会出现复杂、强烈的心理反应,护理人员应根据患者的情绪,有针对性的采取措施辅助其身心康复。

Study on psychological nursing for patients with incipient diabetes

Objective To explore the impact of psychological nursing on the psychological state of patients with recipient diabetes in the early stage. Methods In-depth interview was conducted on 34 patients with recipient diabetes in the early stage and phenomenological method was used for data analysis. Results The real experiences of patients with recipient diabetes in the early stage could be summarized into 4 themes：（1） self-perception before diagnosis;（2） poor psychological tolerance toward diagnosis results： 47.05% had denial and verification and 23.52% had anxiety and despair;（3） adaptation to role change： after treatment, 29.41% had self-reflection, 11.76% did not understand the therapeutic schedule and 4.70% complained toward their family members;（4） psychological changes during preparation for discharge from hospital and after discharge from hospital. Conclusion Patients with incipient diabetes have complex and strong psychological reactions in the early stage. The nursing staffs should take targeted measures based on their emotions to facilitate their physical and psychological rehabilitation.