山区公路边儿童铅蓄积状况及其影响因素研究

目的探讨山区公路边儿童铅蓄积状况与相关因素,为制定儿童铅中毒防治策略提供科学依据。方法于2006年12月—2007年4月,随机整群抽取山区公路边8～12岁儿童118名(暴露组)和远离公路的同年龄段儿童51名(对照组)为研究对象。监测山区公路边(污染区)和远离公路(对照区)的土壤和农作物的含铅量;按拟定的调查表调查儿童的基本情况;采集儿童指端末梢血,用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定血铅,比较两组儿童血铅水平;分析铅中毒对儿童智力、体格发育的影响;并对影响儿童血铅水平的相关因素进行调查分析。结果污染区土壤和农作物的平均含铅量[(96.89±15.05)mg/kg,(0.86±0.29)mg/kg]显著高于对照区[(29.83±1.41)mg/kg,(0.17±0.03)mg/kg;土壤:P<0.01;农作物:P<0.01];暴露组血铅水平[(85.38±27.76)μg/L]显著高于对照组[(68.28±18.02)μg/L,t=4.0427,P<0.01];暴露组中铅中毒儿童的语文成绩平均分和语文、数学成绩高分率显著低于非中毒儿童(P<0.05);暴露组中铅中毒儿童的IQ值比非中毒儿童平均低0.66,身高、体重上等率...

Blood Lead Level and Influencing Factors for Children Living in Area near Highway in Mountain Region

Objective To know the blood level and the influencing factors for the children living in the area near highway in the mountain region. Methods From December,2006 to April,2007,one hundred and eighteen children aged 8-12 years (exposed group) living in the area near highway in the mountain region and fifty-one children aged 8-12 years (control group) living in the area far away from the highway were selected by random cluster sampling. Lead level of the soil and crops on the highway-sides (pollution area)and...