4~6岁儿童贫血患病率及相关因素分析

目的:了解合肥市学龄前儿童贫血患病率及相关影响因素,为防治学龄前儿童贫血提供依据。方法:采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,选取合肥市区8所幼儿园的1294名4~6岁儿童,测定血红蛋白、问卷调查儿童饮食行为和家长营养知识。结果:合肥市学龄前儿童血红蛋白含量为(123·76±12·95)g/L,男童略高于女童,性别间差异无显著性;贫血检出率为10·4%,不同性别、年龄间差异无显著性。贫血的影响因素中,偏食挑食是贫血的危险因素,喜吃水果、喝牛奶和家庭月收入是保护因素。结论:儿童的健康应从学龄前抓起,在幼儿园儿童及家长中开展营养知识教育,合理调整儿童饮食结构,纠正偏食、挑食的不良习惯,可以降低贫血发生率。

Analysis of prevalence rate and related factors of anaemia for preschool children aged 4 ～ 6 years

Objective:To study the prevalence rate of anaemia and its related factors for preschool children in Heifei city.Methods:1 294 cases of 4~6-year-old children were randomly selected from 8 kindergartens in Hefei by stratified and cluster sampling to measure hemoglobin level.Children's dietary behaviors were inquired from their parents.Results:Hemoglobin measurements averaged (123.76±12.95) g/L. Though the boy's hemoglobin level was a bit higher than the girl's, there was no statistically significant difference in sex.The prevalence rate of anaemia was 10.4% and the differences in sex and ages were not statistically significant.Among the four effecting factors of anaemia, partial to a limited variety of food and particular about food were risk factors, while eating fruit, drinking milk and high family economic income were protective factors.Conclusion:Advocating nutrition education to preschool children and their parents, adjusting dietary structure and correcting negative habit are effective ways to cut down the prevalence rate of anaemia.