不同亚型注意缺陷多动障碍儿童威斯康星卡片分类测验研究

目的探讨威斯康星卡片分类测验（WCST）在不同亚型注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童及正常对照组之间的反应特征及其差异,为开展对ADHD儿童的干预工作提供依据。方法采用1∶1病例对照研究,对102例ADHD儿童和102例正常对照组儿童进行WCST测试。研究组中注意缺陷型（PI）59例,多动/冲动型（HI）20例,混合型（CT）23例。结果ADHD儿童WCST测试的错误应答数（Re）、概念化水平（Rfp）、持续性应答数（Rp）、持续性错误数（Rpe）、非持续性错误（nRpe）显著低于正常对照组儿童（P〈0.05或〈0.01）。不同亚型ADHD儿童WCST测试的错误应答数（Re）、概念化水平（Rfp）均显著低于正常对照组;PI型的持续性应答数（Rp）、非持续性错误（nRpe）,HI型的持续性错误数（Rpe）,CT型的持续性错误数（Rpe）、非持续性错误（nRpe）均显著低于正常对照组（P〈0.05或〈0.01）。结论不同亚型ADHD儿童存在明显的执行功能损害,且各亚型之间的损害特征有所不同。

Study of Wisconsin Card Sorting Test in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Different Subtypes

Objective To find out response characters and differences of WCST Test among three different subtypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children and the age-matched normal controls, and to provide evidence for the intervention on ADHD. Methods There were 102 drug-naive ADHD subjects (predominantly inattentive type, PI:59 cases;predominantly hyperactive/ impulsive type,HI:20 cases; combined type, CT: 23 cases; 72 boys and 30 girls; aged 6-10)in the study. All cases of ADHD were diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria. Results Compared to the normal control group,the ADHD group showed significantly less in the scores of responses errors(Re), Rpf, perseverative responses(Rp), perseverative errors(Rpe) and non-perseverative errors(nRpe). The children with ADHD in different subtypes showed significantly less scores than the control group in the scores of Re and Rfp. In addition, the PI type showed significantly lower scores in Rpe and nRpe, HI type in Rpe, CT type in Rpe and nRpe than the control group. Conclusion The children with ADHD have significantly executive-function impairment compared to the normal controls and there are different impairment characters among three different subtypes ADHD.