婴幼儿病毒性肺炎病原学及临床特点

目的探讨引起小儿病毒性肺炎病原学情况及其临床表现，为临床诊治提供依据。方法应用间接免疫荧光（IIF）方法检测267例婴幼儿肺炎患儿急性期血清中11种病毒（呼吸道合胞病毒RSV；腺病毒ADV；流感病毒IFV-A,B；副流感病毒PIY1-4;柯萨奇B1病毒CB1V；柯萨奇A，病毒；CA7V；埃可病毒）血清特异性IgM抗体。结果267例婴幼儿肺炎中共检出病毒感染102例，病毒感染率38．20％，单一病毒感染84例（82．35％）。其中RSV27株（26．47％），IFV20株（19．61％），ADV18株（17．65％），PIV19株（18．62％），混合病毒感染共18例（17．65％）。RSV肺炎患儿喘息重，缺氧明显；ADV肺炎患儿以高热和中毒症状表现为主；IFV和PIV肺炎患儿主要表现为咳嗽重、喘息轻。结论病毒性肺炎以RSV为主要病原，婴儿期病毒感染率最高，好发于冬、春季节。各类病毒性肺炎各有其临床特点。

Etiology and clinical manifestation studies on infant Viral pneumonia

Aim To explore etiology and clinical manifestation changes of infant viral pneumonia. Methods Methods 11 common viral specific serum IgM antibodies （respiratory syncytial virus RSV, Adenovirus ADV, Influenza viruses IFV- A＋a, parainfluenza virus PIV1-4, Coxsackie B1 virus CBl V, Coxsackie A7 virus CATV, ECHO -virus） were detected by indirect immunofluoresce（ I I F） from 267 cases of infant pneumonia blood. Results 102 viral cases were detected from 267 cases of infant pneumonia;the viral infection rate was 38. 20%. There were 84 （82.35%） single viral infection cases, among them RSV 27 cases （26.47%）, IFV 20 cases （19.61%） ,ADV 18 cases （17.65%） ,PIV 19 cases （18.62%）. There were 18 mixed viral infection cases （17.65%）. RSV pneumonia infants were seri- ously asthma and anoxia, ADV pneumonia infants were serious hyperpyrexia, poisoning symptom, IFV and PIV pneumonia infants coughed seriously, but asthma was slight. Conclusions RSV was the main pathogeny of infant viral pneumonia, had a high rate at infant time and mostly at winter and spring. Each kind of viral pneumonia had its own clinical characteristics.