游泳训练对大鼠学习记忆和脑内神经递质的影响

目的:探讨8周游泳训练对大鼠学习记忆的影响及其与脑内多巴胺(DA)的关系.方法:本实验选取28只3月龄SD大鼠,随机分成4组:对照组(C组)、无训练运动即刻组(E组)、训练对照组(TC组)、训练运动即刻组(TE组).TC组、TE组进行每周4次的无负重游泳训练,每次1小时,共8周.所有大鼠每周进行一次迷宫实验的测试.E组和TE组在第8周最后一次运动后即刻,与C组、TC组一起迅速断头处死,各组交叉进行,迅速取血液和脑组织(纹状体、海马、前额叶皮层、伏隔核)测试.结果:第7周时,TC组和TE组大鼠迷宫实验的错误次数比C组和E组显著减少,说明7周的游泳训练能显著提高大鼠的学习记忆能力.同时发现游泳训练使大鼠脑内纹状体、海马、前额叶皮层和伏隔核中DA的含量显著增加.提示:游泳训练提高大鼠的学习和记忆能力可能与DA等神经递质的正相调控作用有关.

The Influence of Swimming on Learning-Memory of Rats and on DA Concentration in Rat''''s Brain

Objective: To explore the influence of swimming on learning and memory of rats and on the DA level in rat's brain. Methods: Twenty-eight SD rats are divided into four groups: control group(CG), acute exercise group (EG), training control group (TCG), and training acute exercise group(TEG). CG rats do not exercise; EG rats only perform single-swim for 60 minutes; TCG and TEG rats swim 4 times each week for 8 weeks, and 60 minutes each time. All of the rats undergo the labyrinth experiment once a week. EG and TEG rats are killed immediately after swimming following the final experiment, CG and TCG rats are also killed at the same time. Results: With the swimming duration and labyrinth experiment, all of the rats in every group decrease their time to reach security area and the number of mistakes, while the correct ratio is rising. By the seventh week, the number of mistakes made by the trained rats is significantly lower than that of untrained rats. This indicates that swim training can improve the rats' ability to learn and memorize. After an acute exercise, the DA concentration of EG or TEG rats in striatum and hippocampus is significantly higher than that of CG or TCG rats, so as in prefrontal cortex and accumbens. Conclusion: Results indicate that DA regulate the improvement of the rat's learning and memory ability.