三维可视化系统对髋关节骨性结构的评价

背景：目前通过二维断层图像信息来判断病变组织的具体性状其难度仍然较大，而运用医学三维重建技术，将能够显著改善医务工作者对相关疾病诊断的工作效率和准确率。 目的：开发一套医学三维可视系统，能够通过读取髋关节DICOM数据重建相应部位三维模型，并通过重建模型直观观察病变髋关节的形态。 方法：使用个人电脑在WindowsXP操作系统，开发环境为VC＋＋6.0，安装VTK 5.6并进行必要设置，使用MFC开发一套医学三维可视化系统，具体步骤如下：①创建一个绘制对象。②创建一个绘制窗，将绘制对象加入绘制窗口。③读取CT图像序列，设置读取图像序列的路径。④使用MC算法抽取等值面（生成三角面片），根据灰度的不同，分别从切片数据中提取出皮肤和骨骼。设置输入图像序列数据；设置抽取的组织轮廓线灰度值。⑤建立三角带对象和数据映射对象。⑥实现图形的绘制，接收几何数据的属性，并分别对骨骼和皮肤设置不同的颜色和透明度。⑦设置视角位置，观察对象位置和焦点。⑧创建人机交互功能。 结果与结论：使用VC＋＋6.0及VTK可以满足医学三维可视系统开发的需求，开发的三维可视系统软件能通过对髋关节DICOM格式的CT图像序列进行三维重建，重建的髋关节三维模型可以使用旋转、缩放、平移来直观的观察髋关节的骨性结构，骨折形态及类型，对相关治疗及手术有一定参考作用。

Evaluation of bone structure of hip joint using three-dimensional visualization system

BACKGROUND： It remains hard to judge characterization of lesion tissues using two-dimensional sectional image at present. Medical three-dimensional reconstruction technique could obviously improve work efficiency and accuracy of medical working staff on disease diagnosis.
OBJECTIVE： To develop a three-dimensional medical visualization system can rebuild three-dimensional model of corresponding parts by reading DICOM data, and observe the appearance of affected hip joint using reconstructed models.
METHODS： A three-dimensional （3D） medical visualization system was developed using the MFC in a PC with Windows XP operating system, development environment VC＋＋6.0, VTK 5.6 installation, and necessary settings were made. Precise procedures are as follows： ① create a drawing object; ② create a drawing window, and draw objects was added in draw window; ③ read the CT image sequences, and set the path of the read image sequence; ④ isosurface （generate triangular facets） were extracted using MC algorithm, depending on the gray, skin and bones. Data of the input image sequence were set; gray value of tissue contour was set; ⑤ the establishment of a V-belt objects and data mapping object; ⑥ graphics rendering, to receive the properties of the geometric data, and a different colors and transparency of bones and skin were set; ⑦ the viewing position was set to observe the position of the object and focus; ⑧ to create a human-computer interaction function.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： VC＋＋6.0 and VTK could meet the needs of medical 3D visualization systems development. Developed 3D visualization system software could perform 3D reconstruction through reading CTimages of DICOM format files. Thus, the relevant parts of the reconstructed 3D model could be observed by rotating, zooming, and panning so as to visually observe the bone structure of hip joint, fractured appearance andtype. It provided a reference for relevant therapy and operation.