宫颈癌根治术后患者心理状况调查研究及护理对策

目的：了解宫颈癌根治术后患者心理状况，提出相应护理对策。方法：将59例行宫颈癌根治术患者按照患者有无绝经分组，其中未绝经者21例为年轻组，绝经者38例为老年组，在术后第7d进行一般状况调查表、症状自评量表（SCL-90）、焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）问卷调查。结果：年轻组、老年组SCL-90躯体化、强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对性、恐怖、偏执、阳性项目数、阳性项目总评分、阳性项目均分与国内常模比较均明显高于国内常模数值，与国内常模比较存在统计学差异（P〈0．05），年轻组与老年组比较，存在统计学差异（P〈0．05）；年轻组与老年组SAS与SDS评分均明显高于国内常模值，年轻组与老年组SAS与SDS评分比较存在统计学差异（〈0．05）。结论：宫颈癌根治术后患者存在多种负性心理症状，以抑郁、焦虑为主，应针对患者的消极负性心理采取针对性护理对策，以改善患者心理状况。

Psychological status of patients after cervical cancer radical surgery

Objectives： To understand the psychological status of patients after cervical cancer radical surgery, and to pro- pose the proper nursing strategies. Methods： Fifty - nine patients who received cervical cancer radical surgery were divided into two groups depending on whether they had menopause. Twenty - one cases without menopause formed the young group, while 38 cases with menopause formed the aged group. On the 7th day after the surgery, patients were evaluated with the general status questionnaire, SCL -90, SAS and SDS. Results： Both the young and the aged group showed significantly higher scores than na- tional norms in the positive item numbers, the total positive item scores, and the average positive item scores of SCL - 90 somati- zation, compulsive behaviors, interpersonal relationship, depression, anxiety, confrontational, terror, paranoid（ P 〈 0.05 ）. The young group showed significant difference from the aged group in SCL - 90 scores （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Both the young and the aged group scored significantly higher than the national norms in SAS and SDS evaluation, and the significant difference was also found be- tween the young and the aged group （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion： Patients with cervical cancer radical surgery are presented with various negative psychological symptoms characterized by depression and anxiety. Nursing strategies pertinent to the negative psy- chological symptoms should be adopted to improve patients＇ psychological state.