Ichthyosis: The Skin Manifestation of Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency |
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Authors: | S. E. Book M.D. A. T. Glass M.D. T. A. Uude M.D |
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Affiliation: | Deparment of Dermutology, Hospital 12 de Ocubre. Madrid, Spain;Deparment of Neurology, Hospital 12 de Ocubre. Madrid, Spain;Deparment of Pathology, Hospital 12 de Ocubre. Madrid, Spain;Institut de Bioquimica Climica. Barcelona. Spain |
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Abstract: | Abstract: Juvenile sulfatidosis (Austin type) or multiple suifatase deficiency is an extremely rare autosomai recessive disorder affecting the activity of many suifatases: arylsuifatase A, several mucopolysaccharide sutfatases, and steroid sulfatase. Certain aspects of the ciinical phenotype can be attributed mainly to a deficiency of one specific suifatase. Most patients develop metachromatic ieukodystrophy caused by aryisuifatase A deficiency, dysostosis multiplex by mucopolysaccharide sulfatase deficiency, and ichthyotic skin by steroid sulfatase deficiency. We describe a 7-year-old boy with developmental delay from 7 months of age, progressive spastic quadriparesis, and coarse facial features. By 27 months of age, an ichthyotic rash had developed on the limbs, trunk, and scalp, A skin biopsy specimen revealed hyperkeratosis with a normal granular layer. The diagnosis of multiple sulfatase deficiency was demonstrated by measuring sulfatase activities in fresh leukocytes: there were large deficiencies of arylsuifatase A and B plus reduced arylsuifatase C. The ichthyosis associated with multiple sulfatase deficiency has an autosomal recessive inheritance, is caused by steroid sulfatase deficiency, and the scaling is sometimes milder than in X-linked recessive ichthyosis. This could reflect the residual activity of steroid suifatase in some cases |
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