225例维持性血液透析患者住院原因统计分析

目的 了解本院维持性血液透析患者住院的年龄、性别、入院原因及并发症情况,为降低本县尿毒症患者住院率提供依据.方法 对本院2010年1月-2014年1月出院病案首页诊断为慢性肾衰竭（CKD5期）的病例进行统计处理及回顾性分析,分析患者住院原因构成,按年龄20岁～39岁、40岁～59岁、60岁以上分组,分析主要病因在各年龄段分布情况,比较年龄与主要病因之间的关系.结果 4年来共有尿毒症住院患者225例,住院患者随年龄增长而增加,以60岁以上患者最多,约占60.44％,其中入院病因以感染因素最常见,约占49.33％,其次为心血管并发症,约占14.67％.单因素分析结果显示,年龄、血红蛋白、白蛋白、感染、心血管并发症是维持性血液透析患者住院的危险因素.结论 感染及心血管并发症是尿毒症患者入院的主要原因,有效防治此类并发症的发生可减少患者的再入院率.

Hospitalization Reasons Analysis on 225 Cases of Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

Objectives To analyze the age, gender, hospitalization reason and complication situation of the maintenance hemodialysis patients in our hospital, and provide evidence for reducing hospitalization rates of uremia patients in our county. Methods To conduct a statistical analysis and retrospective study on the cases diagnosed with chronic kidney disease stage 5 （CKD-5） in the home pages of the discharged medical records in our hospital between January 2010 and January 2014. The cases were divided into three groups： 20~39, 40-59 and above 60, then analyzed the constitution of hospitalization reasons, the distribution of main reasons in different age groups and compared the relationship between age and main reasons. Results In recent four years, there were altogether 225 cases hospitalized patients with uremia in our hospital, the admission rates was increasing with age, and most of the patients were older than 60, which accounting for 60. 44 %. In addition, the infection was the most common reason, accounting for 49.53 %, followed by cardiovascular complications, accounting for 14. 67%. The univariate analysis revealed that age, hemoglobin, albumin, infection and cardiovascular complication were significantly associated to hospitalization in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Conclusions The main reasons for hospitalization in uremia patients were infection and cardiovascular complications, and effective prevention of those complications could reduce the chances of admission.