老年结直肠癌患者腹腔镜手术的安全性研究

目的 探讨腹腔镜治疗老年结直肠癌患者的安全性和可行性.方法 回顾性分析2005年1月至2008年12月北京大学人民医院收治的117例老年结直肠癌患者(年龄≥70岁)的临床资料.根据手术方式不同将其分为腹腔镜组(49例)和开腹组(68例),并对两组术后恢复情况、并发症、随访结果进行比较.两组数据比较采用t检验、X~2检验和Mann-Whitney U检验,并采用Kaplan-Meier和Log-rank检验分析患者生存情况.结果 腹腔镜组平均手术时间为(246±64)min,显著长于开腹组的(218±50)min(t=-2.677,P<0.05).腹腔镜组术中出血量、平均肛门排气时间、术后平均住院时间、术后镇痛剂使用比例和并发症发生率分别为(207±135)ml、3 d、12 d、45%(22/49)和20%(10/49),显著优于开腹组的(296±178)ml、4 d、14 d、74%(50/68)和44%(30/68)(t=2.920,U=770.5、1181.0,X~2=9.864、7.115,P<0.05).腹腔镜组肠管切除长度和淋巴结清扫数目分别为(19±7)cm和(13±6)枚,开腹组为(20±8)cm和(16±6)枚,两组比较差异无统计学意义(X~2=0.790,t=2.007,P>0.05).腹腔镜组和开腹组术后1年累积生存率分别为95.4%和94.7%,3年累积生存率分别为85.2%和82.3%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(X~2=0.581,P>0.05).结论 老年结直肠癌患者行腹腔镜切除手术安全可行.

Safety evaluation of laparoscopic colorectal surgery in elderly patients

Objective To evaluate the safety and feasibility of laparoscopie colorectal surgery in elderly patients.Methods The clinical data of 117 patients with colorechal cancer who had been admitted to People's Hospital of Peking University from January 2005 to December 2008 were analyzed retrospectively.Ail patients were divided into laparoscopic group(n=49)and open group(n=68).The postoperative conditions,incidence of complications and results of follow-up of patients in the 2 groups were compared.All data were analyzed via t test,chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test,and the survival was analyzed via Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test.Results The mean operation time in laparoscopic group was(246±64)minutes,which was significantly longer than(218±50)minutes in open group(t=-2.677,P<0.05).The volume of blood loss,anal exsufflation time,postoperative hospital stay,ratio of patients who used analgesics and incidence of complications were (207±135)ml,3 days,12 days,45%(22/49)and 20%(10/49)in laparoscopic group,and were(296±178)ml,4 days,14 days,74%(50/68)and 44%(30/68)in open group,with significant difference between the 2 groups(t=2.920,U=770.5,1181.0,X~2=9.864,7.115,P<0.05).The length of bowel resected and number of lymph node dissected were(19±7)cm and 13±6 in laparoscopic group,and were(20±8)cm and 16±6 in open group,with no significant difference between the 2 groups(X~2=0.790,t=2.007,P>0.05).The 1-and 3-year accumulative survival were 95.4%and 85.2%in laparoscopic group,and were 94.7%and 82.3%in open group,with no significant difference between the 2 groups(X~2=0.581,P>0.05).Conclusion Laparoscopic surgery is safe and feasible for elderly patients with colorectal cancer.