合理饮用学生奶对学生体质发育的影响分析

目的：探讨合理饮用学生奶对学生体质发育的影响。方法：采用随机整群抽样的方法对银川市两所小学进行营养调查，及对小学生的体格发育指标测量的数据和血红蛋白测定数据进行分析。结果：学生膳食中热量及营养素摄入基本达到标准，但钙，维生素B2摄入不足，其中钙占RDA值的59．0％，维生素B2占66．7％。城区、郊区学生营养不良率分别为17．7％和27．7％，贫血检出率分别为11．8％和15．8％，人均每日由奶类来源的钙分别占14．1％和12．2％， 经统计学分析差异有显性（P＜0．05）。结论：摄入奶类食物多少与学生营养状况有一定的关系。提示开展“学生饮用奶计划”对学生体质发育有着积极的意义。

The Effects of Rational School Milk Consumption on Physical Development of Primary School Children

Objective To study the influence of rational school milk consumption on physical development of primary school children.Methods A cluster sampling method was used to draw randomly primary school children from two primary schools in Yinchuan, nutritional survey was conducted among the children, data about their physical development and Hb were analyzed.Results Energy and protein intakes met almost requirements as compared with Chinese RDA. But calcium and vitamin B 2 intakes were still insufficient, which were only 59.0% and 66.7% of their corresponding Chinese RDA. Among urban and suburban primary school children, the prevalence of malnutrition was 17.7% and 27.7%; the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia was 11.8% and 15.8%; the average intake of calcium from cow' milk was 14.1% and 12.2% of the total daily calcium intake, and all differences were significant (all P <0.05).Conclusions The amount of cow' milk consumed by children is related to their nutritional status. School Milk Promotion Program is of great benefit to physical development of primary school children.