全口义齿印模技术的发展现状

全口义齿修复前，需通过可塑性印模材料来复制无牙颌牙槽嵴和周围软硬组织的解剖形态，清晰准确的口腔印模不仅为后续技工制作义齿提供了良好的结构基础，而且是保证最终修复体固位、稳定及功能的关键。现有研究表明，除印模材料、印模托盘、印模操作和印模消毒外，印模技术也是无牙颌印模制取精度的重要影响因素之一。近年来，随着各类牙科材料的快速发展以及国内外学者对口颌系统功能、全口义齿固位基本理论的深入研究，制取印模的方法也在不断完善和创新，有效地提高了无牙颌的临床治疗效果。文章主要对全口义齿印模技术的发展现状加以综述，一方面对全口义齿不同印模技术的概念进行梳理，指出临床操作的利弊，为临床相关疑难病例制取合适印模提供参考；另一方面指出当前亟待研究的问题，以期为该领域的进一步突破开辟新思路。

Development status of impression technique of complete denture

Before the restoration of complete denture，the plastic impression materials should be used to reproduce the anatomical morphology of edentulous alveolar ridge and surrounding soft and hard tissue. A clear and accurate dental impression will not only provide a good structural basis for technicians to fabricate denture subsequently，but also is the key to ensuring the retention，stability and function of the final restoration. Existing studies have shown that，in addition to impression materials，impression trays，impression operation and impression disinfection，impression technique is also one of the important factors affecting the accuracy of edentulous impressions. In recent years，with the rapid development of all kinds of dental materials and the in-depth study on stomatognathic system function and the basic theory of complete denture retention by scholars at home and abroad，the method of making impression is constantly being improved and innovated，which effectively improves the clinical treatment effect of edentulous jaw. This paper mainly summarizes the development status of impression technique of complete denture. On the one hand，it combs the concept of different impression technniques of complete denture and points out the advantages and disadvantages of clinical operation，so as to provide reference for making suitable impressions in clinically related difficult cases. On the other hand，it is aimed to point out the current problems to be studied，hoping to open up new ideas for further breakthroughs in this field.