SARS-CoV-2对神经系统损害的研究进展

由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2，SARS-CoV-2)所引起的2019 冠状病毒病(coronavirus disease 2019，COVID-19)疫情在全球大暴发。SARS-CoV-2 感染除了可累及呼吸系统外，还可导致严重的神经系统损伤。研究表明SARS-CoV-2 可通过血行和跨神经元途径入侵神经系统，并可能通过抑制细胞免疫、低氧血症及炎症作用，诱导神经元变性与细胞凋亡，以及血管紧张素转化酶2(angiotensin convertingenzyme 2，ACE2)机制造成COVID-19 患者的神经系统损害，导致患者颅内感染、中毒性脑病、急性脑血管疾病、肌肉损害、周围神经系统损伤、急性脊髓炎、脱髓鞘疾病或其他神经系统疾病。

Research progress in nervous system damage caused by SARS-CoV-2

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndromecoronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a major outbreak in the world. SARS-CoV-2infection can not only involve in the respiratory system, but also cause severe nervoussystem damage. Studies have shown that SRAS-CoV-2 can invade the nervous systemthrough hematogenous and transneuronal pathways, and may cause nervous system damagein patients with COVID-19 by inhibiting cellular immunity, hypoxemia, inflammation,inducing neuronal degeneration and apoptosis, and angiotensin converting enzyme 2(ACE2) mechanism. It can lead to intracranial infection, toxic encephalopathy, acute cerebrovascular disease, muscle damage, peripheral nervous system injury, acute myelitis,demyelination disease or other nervous system diseases.