精神分裂症患者共情能力及相关因素分析

目的 通过比较住院精神分裂症患者治疗前后共情缺陷、社会功能和精神症状的差异，探讨共情能力的相关因素及药物治疗对共情能力的影响。方法 对60例（男30例，女30例）住院精神分裂症患者予新型抗精神病药物治疗3个月，采用人际反应指针量表（IRI—C）、阳性和阴性症状评定量表（PANSS）及个体和社会功能量表（PSP），分别对患者治疗前后的共情水平、精神症状、社会功能进行评定，比较各项测量指标前后的变化，并通过各测量指标治疗后减分率的相关分析，探讨精神分裂症患者共情能力、临床症状以及社会功能的关系，以及药物治疗对共情能力的影响。结果 精神分裂症患者予新型抗精神病药治疗3个月后，共情能力、精神症状、社会功能均有所改善。治疗前后各项评分减分率进行Pearson相关分析显示，精神分裂症患者的共情能力与阴性症状呈负相关，与社会功能呈正相关。结论 非经典抗精神病药物治疗可改善共情能力、精神症状和社会功能，精神分裂症患者的阴性症状随着共情能力的改善而改善。

Study on capacity of empathy and its correlative factors in patients with schizophrenia

Objective To investigate the affected factors of empathic deficits of the patients with schizophrenia by comparing empathy capacity, mental symptoms and social function before and after treatment of atypical antipsychotic drugs. Methods Totals of 60（30 males, 30 females） schizophrenic inpatients received atypical antipsychotics drugs for 3 months. Interpersonal Reactivity Index-C, Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale（PANSS）, Personal and Social Performance Scale （PSP） were used to assess the empathy level, mental symptoms, social function respectively, compared the changes of different measurement indicators before and after treatment, and analyzed the reducing score rate of the each factors after treatment so as to investigate the correlation among empathy capacity, mental symptoms and social function of the patients with schizophrenia and impact of medical treatment on empathy capacity. Results After 3 months＇ treatment, the empathy capacity, mental symptoms and social function of the patients with schizophrenia were improved. Pearson analysis was conducted amoug 8 kinds of ratio of points before and after treatment. The empathic capacity of the patients with schizophrenia was negatively correlated with negative symptoms and positively correlated with social function. Conclusions Treatment of atypical antipsychoties drugs can improve the empathy capacity, mental symptoms and social function. The negative symptoms of the patients with schizophrenia get better with the improvement of empathy capacity.