早产儿脑瘫类型及并发症与胎龄和出生体重的关系

目的 分析早产儿脑性瘫痪(简称脑瘫)类型及并发症与胎龄和出生体重的关系, 为临床制定康复计划提供参考依据。方法 对135例脑瘫早产儿进行脑瘫分型、智力测定、语言评估、眼科学检查、脑干听觉诱发电位测试及脑电图检查等, 采用SPSS 11.5软件统计分析。结果 1)各类并发症共计284个, 平均每例患儿合并并发症(2.10±1.33)个。2)<32周组脑瘫构成比、痉挛型四肢瘫、智力低下、语言障碍、视觉障碍、继发性肌肉骨骼障碍、癫痫发生率及并发症个数均明显高于32~33周组和/或34~36周组。3)<1 500 g组脑瘫构成比、痉挛型四肢瘫、智力低下、语言障碍、视觉障碍、继发性肌肉骨骼障碍、癫痫发生率及并发症个数均明显高1 500~2 499 g组和/或≥2 500 g组。结论 小胎龄早产儿和极低出生体重儿痉挛型四肢瘫的发生率较高, 合并症发生率增加。降低小胎龄早产儿和极低出生体重儿的出生率是减少脑瘫发生的重要措施。

Correlation of neurologic subtype and complications to gestational age and birth weight of preterm infants with cerebral palsy.

Objective To analyze the correlation of neurologic subtype and complications to gestational age and birth weight of preterm infants with cerebral palsy (CP). Methods A total of 135 cases of preterm infants with CP were received the following examinations:CP classification, intelligence capacity test, speech assessment, ophthalmologic consultation, brainstem auditory evoked potential and electroencephalogram.SPSS 11.5 software was used to analyze statistically. Results 1)There were 284 complications in total, and the average complication was (2.10±1.33) per child.2)The constitute ratio of CP, the incidence of spastic quadriplegia, mental retardation, speech disorder, visual impairment, musculoskeletal disorder , epilepsy and the number of complications of the group of <32-week were significantly higher than those of the group of 32~33-week, and/or that of the group of 34~36-week.3)The constitute ratio of CP, the incidence of spastic quadriplegia, mental retardation, speech disorder, visual impairment, musculoskeletal disorder epilepsy and the number of complications of the group of <1 500 g were significantly higher than those of the group of 1 500~2 499 g, and/or those of the group of ≥2 500 g. Conclusion The incidences of spastic quadriplegia, mental retardation, speech disorder, visual impairment, secondary musculoskeletal disorder epilepsy and multiple disorders are higher in the small gestational age preterm and very low birth weight infants.