异体皮质骨板在股骨假体周围骨折中的应用

目的研究异体皮质骨板在股骨假体周围骨折中的作用。方法回顾性分析2002年10月-2006年7月使用异体皮质骨板治疗的股骨假体周围骨折患者22例,其中术中骨折18例,术后骨折4例。采用Vancouver分型方法对骨折进行分类,其中A型4例,B型13例,C型5例。所有骨折均采用非骨水泥柄加异体皮质骨板支撑固定,异体皮质骨板以钢丝和(或)捆绑带与股骨固定。采用Harris评分对术后效果进行评价。结果所有患者均获随访,随访时间8~45个月,平均27.5个月,术后平均Harris评分89分。术后12~24周22例患者中21例愈合,平均愈合时间16.5周。1例患者于术后17周发生移植骨板骨折。最后一次随访时X线片均证实移植物与宿主骨整合。1例患者术后患肢疼痛,3例同侧膝关节僵直。结论异体皮质骨板是治疗股骨假体周围骨折的有效手段,能够作为生物接骨板提供机械稳定性和生物稳定性。短期随访发现使用皮质骨板有较高的骨折愈合率并能增加骨量。异体皮质骨板应在股骨假体周围骨折中常规应用。

Application of cortical strut allografts for periprosthetic femoral fractures

Objective To study the contribution of cortical strut allografts for periprosthetic femoral fractures in total hip arthroplasty. Methods A retrospective study was performed with the data of 22 patients who were admitted from Oct. 2002 to Jul. 2006 and had used strut allografts in the treatment for periprosthetic femoral fracture. Fractures occurred intraoperatively in 18 patients and postoperatively in 4 patients. Of the 22 patients, 4 cases were classified as type A, 13 as type B and 5 as type C fractures according to the Vancouver Classification System. All the fractures were treated with non-cemented stem and supported by cortical strut. The allografts were fixed to the femur by cerclage wire and/or cables. Functional outcome was measured by the Harris hip score. Results All patients were followed-up for a mean of 27.5 months (range of 8-45 months). Fracture union was achieved in 6-14 weeks (range of 16.5 weeks) in 21 patients. The strut fractured at 17 weeks postoperatively in another one patient. The integration of allograft and host bone was confirmed by X-ray examination in all patients at the final follow-up. One patient experienced pain in the affected limb, and stiffness in the ipsilateral knee occurred postoperatively in 3 patients. Conclusions Cortical strut allograft can provide both mechanical and biological stability as biological bone plates. Fixation of cortical strut allograft is a useful technique for the management of periprosthetic femoral fractures, and can lead to a high rate of fracture union and increase the host bone mass during the period of a short-term follow-up. It suggests that the cortical strut allograft should be used routinely to strengthen fixation in periprosthetic femoral fractures.