陶瓷作业工人肺功能测试结果分析

目的了解陶瓷作业工人肺功能损害的情况,为预防尘肺病发生提供依据。方法选择某陶瓷厂200名接尘工人,平均年龄为（32.31±8.25）岁,另选取非接尘工人50名为对照组,平均年龄为（34.88±9.75）岁,采用意大利的spirolabII型的肺功能仪,测试的项目包括肺活量（VC）、用力呼吸肺活量（FVC）、第1s用力呼气量（FEV1）、一秒率（FEV1%）、最大呼气中段流速（FEF25-75）、最大呼气25%、50%、75%肺活量时流量（FEF25%、FEF50%、FEF75%）;应用SPSS13.0统计软件统计分析。结果接尘组的肺功能指标FEV1、FEV1%、FEF25-75、FEF50%、FEF75%明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;接尘工龄在10年～、15年～、20年～组的工人肺功能指标中VC、FVC、FEF25-75、FEF50%、FEF75%的测试均值明显低于接尘工龄〈5年组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论陶瓷粉尘对作业工人的肺功能有损害作用,且随着接尘工龄的增加肺功能受损害程度增加。

Analysis on Results of Pulmonary Function Test in Ceramic Workers

Objective To know the situation of pulmonary function injury in workers exposed to dust in a ceramic enterprise,and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of pneumoconiosis.Methods With pneumatometer,pulmonary function test was conducted in 200 dust-exposed workers whose average age was （32.31±8.25） years and 50 control workers whose average age was （34.88±9.75） years.The test items included vital capacity （VC）,forced vital capacity （FVC）,forced expiratory volume in first second （FEV1）,percentage of forced expiratory volume in first second （FEV1%）,forced expiratory flow during middle half of FVC （FEF25-75）,and FEF of 25%,50% and 75%.The data were analyzed by SPSS13.0 statistical program.Results The pulmonary function detection showed that the FEV1,FEV1%,FEF25-75,FEF50%,and FEF75% of the dust-exposed workers were significantly lower than those of control group,and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）.The mean of VC,FVC,FEF25-75,FEF50%,and FEF75% of the workers who had been exposed to dust for over 10,15,and 20 years were significantly lower than those for below 5 years,and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）.Conclusions Ceramic dust is harmful to pulmonary function of ceramic workers.The extent of pulmonary function injury will increase along with the increase of years exposed to dust.