玉溪市1～7岁儿童脊髓灰质炎疫苗免后抗体保护效果监测

目的了解玉溪市1～7岁儿童脊髓灰质炎疫苗(OPV)免后血清抗体水平状况。方法抽选1972名1岁、4岁、7岁3个年龄组儿童,采用ELISA法进行脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)抗体水平监测。结果Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型抗体阳性率分别为91.63%、97.87%、99.70%,抗体几何平均滴度(GMT)分别为1:187.99、1:503.54、1:838.03;抗体阳性率和GMT在1岁、4岁、7岁组均为Ⅲ型高于Ⅱ型,Ⅰ型最低,三型抗体全阳性者占89.96%,性别间差异无统计学意义,不同地区间相对以山区为高。结论玉溪市计划免疫冷链系统运转良好,OPV接种质量得到保证,目标人群有较高的脊灰免疫抗体水平,形成了抵御脊灰的免疫屏障。

Monitoring of antibody protections after immunization with Poliomyelitis vaccines among children aged from 1 to 7 years in the city of Yuxi

Objective The present study was designed tO get an insight into the serum antibody levels after immunization with oral poliomyelitis vaccines in children aged from 1 to 7 years in Yuxi City．Methods 1972 children from 3 age groups of 1,4,7 years were selected and their poliomyelitis antibody levels were detected with ELISA．Results The positive rates of type I．Ⅱ and Ⅲ antibodies were 91,63％，97.87％ and 99.70％ with the geometric mean titer(GMT) being 1:187.99，1:503.54 and 1:838.03，respectively．The positive rates of antibody and GMT in 1-year，4-year and 7-year age groups were in a descending order in type Ⅲ，type Ⅱ and type I．Positive antibodies to all the 3 types of vaccines accounted for 89.96％ with no statistically significant difference between both sexes．The positive rate was relatively higher in mountain areas than in other areas．Conclusion The cold chain system for vaccines in the city of Yuxi iS in good condition，which contributes to guaranteeing the quality of OPV vaccination．There exist high levels of immune antibodies in the target population，forming an immune barrier against poliomyelitis．