益气活血方防治慢性肾脏病的研究进展

慢性肾脏病（chronic kidney disease,CKD）不仅能够导致肾衰竭，还会提高心血管事件的风险，是危害人类生命健康的常见疾病之一。现代研究认为，肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统的激活、血管内皮功能障碍、氧化应激、炎症反应和蛋白尿等是CKD主要的发病机制，而肾脏纤维化是其主要病理学特征。中医认为，气虚血瘀是CKD的基本病机，益气活血是其主要治法。大量临床证据和基础研究证实，益气活血方联合化学药可通过抑制氧化应激、炎症反应，改善血管内皮功能障碍，抑制蛋白尿和肾脏纤维化等作用提高肾功能，从而起到肾脏保护作用。通过系统论述益气活血方在临床和基础研究的新发现，为益气活血方在临床治疗CKD提供坚实的理论基础，为益气活血方在肾脏病方面的研究方向提供参考。

Research progress on prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease with invigorating qi and activating blood formula

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) not only leads to kidney failure, but even raises the risk of cardiovascular events. It is one of the common diseases jeopardizing the life and health of human beings. According to modern medicine, the activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, vascular endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and proteinuria play important roles in the pathogenesis of CKD, which is characterized by renal fibrosis. Based on traditional Chinese medicine, the basic mechanism underlying CKD is thought to be characterized by qi deficiency and blood stasis, and the principal therapy is invigorating qi and activating blood. Clinical evidence and basic research have confirmed that invigorating qi and blood activation formula combined with chemical drugs can improve renal function by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory response, improving vascular endothelial dysfunction, and inhibiting proteinuria and renal fibrosis, thus providing renal protection. By systematically discussing the new findings of invigoratingqi and blood activation formula in clinical and basic research, it provides a solid theoretical foundation for the clinical treatment of CKD by invigorating qi and blood activation formula, and provides a reference for the research direction of invigorating qi and blood activation formula in kidney disease.