正常喉肌电生理特点研究

目的研究正常喉肌电生理特点，了解其与喉功能的关系。方法对36例正常受试者行喉肌电图检查，包括喉肌运动单位肌电测量、喉肌肌电干扰相波幅-转折数分析，并分析喉肌肌电与喉功能的关系。结果(1)各喉肌几乎无完全电静息，平静时仍有少量肌电位发放，环杓后肌和杓间肌甚至多呈轻度和中度干扰相。(2)喉肌轻度、中度、高度收缩时喉肌募集增强，肌电发放率增加，波幅增大，其中甲杓肌、环甲肌和环杓后肌肌电波幅和转折数增大幅度相似，而环杓侧肌和杓间肌肌电转折数增大明显较波幅显著。(3)各喉肌肌电均在其相应喉功能活动前活跃或抑制。结论各喉肌正常运动单位电位及不同收缩力量干扰相波幅-转折数量化分析等参数的正常值不相同，与其各自的解剖生理特点相关；各喉肌共同协作完成喉的各种正常的功能活动，是一个统一的整体，缺一不可。

Study of Characteristics of Normal Laryngeal Electromyography

Objective To study the characteristics of normal laryngeal electromyograph(LEMG).Methods 36 normal subjects were investigated by LEMG examination, including motor unit potential measure (MUP), recruitment pattern analysis,amplitude-turns analysis.The relation between LEMG and laryngeal functions was analyzed.Results (1) There was almost no electrical silence for all laryngeal muscles.A small quantity of myopotential could be seen at quiet.In posterior cricoarytenoid muscle(PCA) and interarytenoids muscle(IA),even a slight or moderate interference pattern could be seen. (2) In the analysis of amplitude-turns of interference pattern, the firing rate and amplitude of laryngeal muscles increased with slight,moderate,severe contraction.The augmentation ranges of amplitude and turn were similar in thyroarytenoid muscle(TA),cricothgoid musle(CT) and PCA.In lateral cricoarytenoid muscle(LCA) and IA,the augmentation of turns were more significant than that of amplitude.(3)All laryngeal muscles were active or quiet before corresponding laryngeal action.Conclusion MUP and inference patterns of different laryngeal muscles are different, and correlate with their own anatomic and physiologic characteristics. All laryngeal muscles are cooperated in implementation of laryngeal functions.