桄榔子醇提物对小鼠/大鼠的镇痛、抗炎作用

目的:探讨桄榔子醇提物灌胃给药后对小鼠/大鼠的镇痛、抗炎作用。方法:取小鼠随机分为桄榔子醇提物组和溶剂对照组(蒸馏水),每组20只,采用最大给药量法,观察桄榔子醇提物的灌胃急性毒性。取小鼠随机分为桄榔子醇提物高、中、低剂量组小鼠剂量为6.5、3.25、1.625 g/kg(以醇提物计,下同),灌胃]和阳性对照组(吗啡0.005 g/kg,腹腔注射)、空白对照组(蒸馏水,灌胃),通过热板法评价其镇痛作用,比较给药后30、60、90 min的舔爪潜伏期;取小鼠随机分为桄榔子醇提物高、中、低剂量组(小鼠剂量为6.5、3.25、1.625 g/kg,灌胃)和阳性对照组(洛索洛芬钠0.023 g/kg,灌胃)、模型对照组(蒸馏水,灌胃),通过醋酸扭体法评价其镇痛作用,比较20 min内的扭体次数,计算扭体抑制率;取小鼠随机分为桄榔子醇提物高、中、低剂量组(小鼠剂量为6.5、3.25、1.625 g/kg,灌胃)和阳性对照组(吗啡0.005 g/kg,腹腔注射)、模型对照组(蒸馏水,灌胃),通过福尔马林致痛法评价其镇痛作用,比较福尔马林给药后0～5 min和10～40 min的舔爪总时间,计算舔爪抑制率;取小鼠按醋酸扭体法实验分组,每天给药1次,连续给药3 d,采用二甲苯致炎,比较耳肿胀度。取大鼠随机分为桄榔子醇提物高、中、低剂量组(4.5、2.25、1.125 g/kg,灌胃)和阳性对照组(洛索洛芬钠0.016 g/kg,灌胃)、模型对照组(蒸馏水,灌胃)、空白对照组(蒸馏水,灌胃),每天给药1次,连续给药3 d,采用弗式完全佐剂致炎,再连续给药7 d,比较致炎前和致炎后7 d内的足肿胀度。上述各镇痛和抗炎实验每组动物数为8～14只。结果:与溶剂对照组比较,桄榔子醇提物组小鼠体质量增长趋势无明显变化,未发现与给药相关的毒性反应出现。与空白对照组比较,桄榔子醇提物高剂量组小鼠给药后30、60 min的舔爪潜伏期明显延长(P<0.01);与模型对照组比较,桄榔子醇提物高、中、低剂量组小鼠扭体次数明显降低(P<0.01),舔爪总时间明显缩短(P<0.05或P<0.01),耳肿胀度明显降低(P<0.01)。与模型对照组比较,桄榔子醇提物高剂量组大鼠致炎后4 h开始足肿胀度明显降低(P<0.01),作用持续至第7天。结论:桄榔子醇提物对小鼠/大鼠无明显的口服急性毒性并有明显的镇痛和抗炎作用。

Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Ethanol Extract from Arenga pinnata in Mice/Rats

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of ethanol extract from Arenga pinnata in mice/rats after intragastric administration.METHODS:The mice were randomly divided into A.pinnata ethanol extract group and solvent control group(distilled water),with 20 mice in each group.Maximal dosage method was used to observe the acute toxicity of ethanol extract from A.pinnata with intragastric administration.The mice were randomly divided into A.pinnata ethanol extract high-dose,medium-dose and low-dose groups6.5,3.25,1.625 g/kg(by ethanol extract,similarly here in after),i.g.],positive control group(0.005 g/kg morphine,i.p.)and blank control group(distilled water,i.g.).The analgesic effect was evaluated by hot plate method,and the licking latency was compared 30,60 and 90 minutes after administration.The mice were randomly divided into A.pinnata ethanol extract high-dose,medium-dose and low-dose groups(6.5,3.25,1.625 g/kg,i.g.),positive control group(loxoprofen sodium 0.023 g/kg,i.g.)and model control group(distilled water,i.g.).The analgesic effect was evaluated by acetic acid writhing method.The writhing times within 20 minutes were compared and the writhing inhibition rate was calculated.The mice were randomly divided into A.pinnata ethanol extract high-dose,medium-dose and low-dose groups(6.5,3.25,1.625 g/kg,i.g.),positive control group(morphine 0.005 g/kg,i.p.),model control group(distilled water,i.g.).The analgesic effect was evaluated by formalin-induced pain method.The total licking time was compared between 0-5 min and 10-40 min after formalin administration;the inhibition rate of licking was calculated.The mice were grouped according to acetic acid writhing test.The mice were given relevant medicine once a day for consecutive 3 days.The mice were given xylene to induce inflammation model,and the degree of ear swelling was compared.Rats were randomly divided into A.pinnata ethanol extract high-dose,medium-dose and low-dose groups(4.5,2.25,1.125 g/kg,i.g.),positive control group(losoprofen sodium 0.016 g/kg,i.g.),model control group(distilled water,i.g.)and blank control group(distilled water,i.g.),once a day,for consecutive 3 days.The rats were given Freund’s complete adjuvant to induce inflammation model and then given relevant medicine for consecutive 7 d.The degree of paw swelling was compared before inflammation and within 7 days after inflammation.The number of mice/rats in each group was 8 to 14 in the analgesic and anti-inflammatory tests.RESULTS:Compared with solvent control group,the body weight of mice had no significant increase in A.pinnata ethanol extract group;no drug-induced toxicity was found.Compared with blank control group,licking latency in mice was significantly prolonged in A.pinnata ethanol extract high-dose group 30 and 60 minutes after medication(P<0.01).Compared with model control group,the times of writhing,total licking time and the degree of ear swelling of mice were decreased significantly in A.pinnata ethanol extract high-dose,medium-dose and low-dose groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Compared with model control group,the degree of paw swelling began decrease significantly in A.pinnata ethanol extract high-dose group 4 h after inducing inflammation,and the effect lacted until the 7th day(P<0.01).CONCLUSIONS:A.pinnata ethanol extract has no significant acute oral toxicity,and possesses significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.