不同初加工方法对黄精品质的影响研究

目的:探索不同初加工方法对黄精品质的影响,优化不同等级、不同形态黄精的初加工方法。方法:经不同干燥法及煮制法、蒸制法处理黄精后,利用硫酸-苯酚法对指标性成分黄精多糖进行含量测定,同时考察药材醇溶性浸出物、水溶性浸出物及总灰分的含量,筛选最佳初加工工艺。结果:经不同方法处理后,各级黄精样品均符合2015年版《中国药典》(一部)对黄精多糖(≥7%)、醇溶性浸出物(≥45%)及总灰分含量(≤4%)的要求;从干燥方式来看,微波干燥法优于烘箱干燥法;对不同形态(个状及片状)黄精样品而言,片状黄精品质优于个状黄精;而对于初加工方法而言,蒸制法优于煮制法。黄精"统货"蒸制、煮制时间分别在20、15 min时,黄精多糖含量达到较高值。结论:通过对不同的初加工方法分别进行探讨,初步得到了黄精的个状、片状及"统货"样品进行高效初加工的方法,可为有效利用黄精资源提供一定的科学依据。

Study on the Effects of Different Primary Processing Methods on the Quality of Polygonatum sibiricum

OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of different primary processing methods on quality change of Polygonatum sibiricum, and to optimize primary processing method of P. sibiricum with different grades and shapes. METHODS:After processed with different drying methods,boiling method and steaming method,sulfuric acid-phenol method was used to determine the contents of indicator component P. sibiricum polysaccharide in samples. The contents of ethanol-soluble extract,water-soluble extract and total ash were investigated. The optimal primary processing methods were screened. RESULTS:After processed with different methods,the contents of polysaccharide(≥7%),ethanol-soluble extract(≥45%)and total ash(≤4%)of samples at all levels conformed to the requirements of the 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(part Ⅰ);from aspect of drying method,microwave drying method was better than oven drying method;for P. sibiricum with different morphologies(individual and lamellar),the quality of lamellar samples of P. sibiricum was better than that of individual P. sibiricum. As primary processing method,steaming was better than boiling. The contents of P. sibiricum polysaccharide were in relatively high level,when the steaming and boiling time of gradeless and uniformly-priced goods of P. sibiricum were 20 and 15 minutes respectively.CONCLUSIONS: By discussing the different primary processing methods, high-efficient primary processing method for the individual and lamellar samples of P. sibiricum as well as gradeless and uniformly-priced goods of P. sibiricum are preliminarily obtained,which can provide a scientific basis for the effective utilization of P. sibiricum resources.