中医药隐性技术秘密的法律保护

目的:为法律对中医药隐性技术秘密予以保护的思路及运作提供参考。方法:通过对中医药隐性技术秘密的构成及类别、法律属性进行分析,从法律视角寻求法律保护方法。结果与结论:在中医药领域,以中药材炮制和中医诊疗为代表的隐性知识,更多的是以技术秘密的形式进行传承和研习。而中医药隐性技术秘密具有人格依附性和传承性的特征,法律对其保护则无法直接通过知识产权领域实现,而必须通过保障传承者的利益来实现。对中医药隐性技术秘密的保护,公法和私法的手段都必不可少,其中公法应着重解决的是技术传承机制的完善及对中药传承人权益的保护,私法则应借助契约的签署和中医药隐性知识的转化来克服侵权风险。

Legal Protection of the Tacit Technology Secret of Traditional Chinese Medicine

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the thought and operation of the law to protect the tacit technology secrets of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). METHODS:Through the analysis of the composition,categories and legal attributes of tacit technology secrets of TCM,legal protection methods were sought from the legal perspective. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:In the field of TCM,tacit knowledge,represented by the TCM processing,TCM diagnosis and treatment,is mostly inherited and studied in the form of technology secrets. The tacit technology secrets of TCM have the characteristics of personality dependence and inheritance,the protection of them by law can not be achieved directly through the field of intellectual property rights,but through the protection of the interests of the inheritors. Public law and private law are indispensable to the protection of tacit technology secrets of TCM. Public law should focus on improving the mechanism of technological inheritance and protecting the rights and interests of TCM inheritors. Private law should overcome the risk of infringement by signing contracts and transforming tacit knowledge of TCM.