神经精神狼疮患者的照顾者健康促进生活方式的现状调查

目的 描述神经精神狼疮患者的照顾者健康促进生活方式的现状,并分析其影响因素。方法 采取便利抽样方法,选取2015年1月—2017年1月在北京协和医院风湿免疫科住院确诊为神经精神狼疮患者的照顾者80例为调查对象,使用一般资料调查问卷、健康促进生活方式评定量表Ⅱ,对其主要照顾者进行调查,并分析照顾者健康促进生活方式的影响因素。结果 照顾者的健康促进生活方式总分为（116.82±32.89）分,其中营养维度得分最高,压力应对维度得分最低。线性回归分析结果显示,照顾者照顾时间﹤1年、照顾者无慢性疾病、患者精神症状发作频率高、照顾者自觉存在照顾负担是影响神经精神狼疮患者的照顾者健康促进生活方式的独立影响因素。结论 神经精神狼疮患者照顾者的健康促进生活方式处于中等水平。医护人员应该多关注照顾时间短、无慢性疾病、患者精神症状发作频率高、自觉存在照顾负担的照顾者,通过健康宣教、技能培训和延伸护理等,协助其提高健康促进生活方式。

Study on the status and influencing factors of health-promoting lifestyle in caregivers of patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus

Objective To analyze the status and influencing factors of health-promoting lifestyle in caregivers of patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus.Methods A cross-sectional study was performed on 80 caregivers of patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus between January,2015,and January,2017,in Peking Union Medical College Hospital. A self-administered general information questionnaire,and Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile Ⅱ（HPLP-Ⅱ） questionnaire was completed,and influencing factors were analyzed.Results The mean age of the participants was（46.42±12.15） years. The mean lifestyle score was （116.82± 32.89）,with the subscale nutrition showing the highest score（25.35±5.69） and the subscale stress management showing the lowest score（11.35±5.96）. Linear regression showed that caregivers with length of caring <1 year,caregivers without chronic diseases,patients with high rate of occurrence of neuropsychiatric symptoms,and caregivers’ self-perceived burden were independent risk factors for health-promoting lifestyle in caregivers of patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus.Conclusion Caregivers of patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus had a moderate health-promoting lifestyle. Healthcare providers should help caregivers with short length of caring,caregivers without chronic diseases,patients with high rate of occurrence of neuropsychiatric symptoms,and caregivers’ self-perceived burden,to improve health-promoting lifestyle through health education,skill training and extended care.