广州市越秀区老年人膝骨关节病现状调查及影响因素分析

目的了解广州市越秀区老年膝骨关节病（OA）的患病率、疼痛特点及性质、相关危险因素及中医治疗效果，指导老年膝骨关节病患者更有效地进行疾病防治。方法对广州市越秀区登峰街道其中一个居委246名60岁以上居民进行膝骨关节病的流行病学调查。全部采取填表及问卷调查方式进行，由经培训的医务人员进行。采用多元逐步回归分析方法分析老年膝骨关节病的影响因素。结果本组老年人膝骨关节病的患病率为31．7％；女性患病率高于男性，年龄较大，患病率较高；膝关节疼痛的特点是以负重为疼痛加重的主要诱发因素，性质以胀痛和刺痛为主；老年膝骨关节病患者在治疗上偏向于选择速效、安全、无不良反应的方式。体质量指数、性别及年龄是老年膝骨关节病的主要影响因素。结论女性、年龄、体质量指数是老年膝骨关节病的主要暴露因素，家庭支持系统在三级预防中具有重要作用，建议引入康复理念，进行社区人群干预。

A Survey on the State of Knee Osteoarthropathy among the Elderly in Yuexiu District,Guangzhou and Analysis of the Influence Factors

Objective To learn about the incidence rate, characteristics and nature of pain, related risk factors of and TCM treatment effect for knee osteoarthropathy （OA）, in order to guide the elderly patients with OA in effective treatments. Methods Epidemiological investigation was done with randomly sampled 246 people aged 60 and above in Yuexiu distrcit by way of form and questionnaire filling in, which was conducted by trained medical personnels. The underlying influence factors were explored by means of multiple stepwise regression analysis. Results The incidence rate of OA in this group was 31.7%, which became higher with the increase in age, with female＇s higher than male＇s. The main characteristics of OA was that it was mainly predisposed by increase in burdens and the nature was mainly pricking and distending pains. Elderly patients with OA were inclined to choose the safe treatment with instant effect and no adverse reactions. The main influence factors included physical quality index, sex and age. Conclusion The family support system plays an important role the three-tier prvention system, and it is suggested that the concept of rehabilitation be introduced to facilitate the intervention in the community.