IVF和ICSI中多原核受精卵的发育及遗传多态性分析

目的:了解IVF和ICSI治疗周期中多原核受精卵的发育情况及其基因座遗传多态性。方法:分别收集IVF和ICSI治疗中的废弃多原核(≥3PN)受精卵315个和67个,进行体外培养,观察比较其发育能力,并复合扩增多原核来源的1株胚胎干细胞和2个囊胚细胞DNA的15个短串联重复序列(STR)基因座,利用3100遗传分析仪对其进行STR基因座多态性检测。结果:IVF组和ICSI组的多原核受精卵卵裂率无显著性差异(P>0.05),但IVF组胚胎停育率和囊胚形成率显著低于ICSI组(P<0.01)。STR基因座多态性检测显示,IVF组3PN受精卵来源的胚胎干细胞为典型的三倍体特征,但ICSI组4PN受精卵来源的2个囊胚未表现多倍体特征。结论:多原核受精卵有继续发育能力,其中IVF组多原核来源胚胎干细胞表现遗传物质倍性改变,而ICSI组多原核来源囊胚无遗传物质倍性变化。

Development and Genetic Polymorphism of Multipronuclear Zygotes after In Vitro Fertilization and Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection

Objective: To understand the development of multipronuclear zygotes after conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and to analyze the genetic polymorphism of some multipronuclear zygotes. Methods: A total of 382 multipronuclear zygotes were divided into 2 groups: IVF group (including 315 zygotes) and ICSI group (including 67 zygotes). All of multipronuclear zygotes were cultured in medium of Vitrolife G5 SeriesTM. The short tandem repeat (STR) of one embryo stem (ES) cells and two blastocysts were analyzed by ABI3100. Results: The equal rates of cleavage were observed between the 2 groups (P>0.05). But it was significantly higher proportion of blocked embryos and blastocysts from multipronuclear zygotes of ICSI group than that of IVF group (P<0.01). The genetic polymorphism of 15 STR showed that the ES cells from 3PN of IVF group were triploid, but the blastocysts from 4PN of ICSI group were diploid. Conclusion: There is potentiality of development from multipronuclear zygotes either in ICSI group or in IVF group. The ES cells from 3PN of IVF group are pure triploid, but the 2 blastocysts from multipronuclear zygotes of ICSI group are diploid.