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目的比较高速涡轮钻法和传统劈冠法在下颌低位近中水平阻生牙拔除中的临床效果,评价涡轮钻法的优越性。方法对2006年7月至2008年7月中山大学光华口腔医学院附属口腔医院口腔颌面外科收治的140例下颌低位近中水平阻生牙患者,随机分成2组,每组70例。一组采用高速涡轮钻法(试验组),另一组采用传统劈冠法(对照组)。比较2组拔牙时间和疼痛、肿胀、张口度和第二磨牙松动度等并发症的发生情况。结果试验组的拔牙时间明显少于对照组,术后疼痛、张口度、第二磨牙松动度等并发症的发生率也较对照组少,两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),但肿胀并发症的发生两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论运用高速涡轮钻法拔除下颌低位水平阻生牙,创伤轻、术后并发症少、手术时间短、患者对手术的恐惧感少,与传统劈冠法相比具有较好临床疗效。

A clinical study of two approaches in removal of impacted mandibular third molars

Objective To compare the effects of high-speed air-turbine drill and traditional chisel technique in removal of impacted mandibular third molars， and to evaluate the superiority of the high-speed air-turbine drill. Methods A total of 140 impacted mandibular third molars to be extracted were randomly assigned to two treatment groups：one group （test group） received high-speed air-turbine drill， while the other （control group） received traditional chisel technique. Then both the duration of the extraction and complications （aches， swelling，opening of mouth）were observed and compared. Results The data showed that duration of extraction of the test group was shorter than the control group （P < 0.01）. The occurence of postoperational complications had statistical differences berween the two groups （P < 0.01），the test group being apparently fewer than the control group. Conclusion Compared with traditional chisel technique， high speed air turbine drill can efficiently cut down duration of extraction with minor wound， reduce the incidence of postoperational reaction and diminish the fear of patients to operation，therefore it is recommendable in clinical practice.