Spirituality and Religion: Intertwined Protective Factors for Substance Use among Urban American Indian Youth |
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Authors: | Kulis Stephen Hodge David R Ayers Stephanie L Brown Eddie F Marsiglia Flavio F |
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Affiliation: | Sociology Program, School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University , Tempe, AZ , USA. |
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Abstract: | Background and objective: This article explores the aspects of spirituality and religious involvement that may be the protective factors against substance use among urban American Indian (AI) youth. Methods: Data come from AI youth (N = 123) in five urban middle schools in a southwestern metropolis. Results: Ordinary least squares regression analyses indicated that following Christian beliefs and belonging to the Native American Church were associated with lower levels of substance use. Conclusions and Scientific Significance: Following AI traditional spiritual beliefs was associated with antidrug attitudes, norms, and expectancies. Having a sense of belonging to traditions from both AI cultures and Christianity may foster integration of the two worlds in which urban AI youth live. |
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