重症监护病房革兰阴性杆菌的分布及耐药性分析

目的了解重症监护病房革兰阴性杆菌的分布及耐药性特征.方法对南华医院2003年1月～2005年9月从重症监护病房感染患者标本中分离出的致病菌,采用sceptor细菌鉴定仪和API系统进行鉴定,并按美国临床实验室标准化委员会各年判断标准用纸片扩散法进行药物敏感实验.结果占前几位的革兰阴性村菌为铜绿假单胞菌(31.36%),肺炎克雷伯菌(17.8%),大肠埃希菌(14.41%).鲍曼不动杆菌(13.56%),阴沟肠杆菌(8.05%).耐药性分析显示:革兰阴性杆菌对临床常用抗生素耐药率最高为氨苄西林,最低为亚胺培南,大部分细菌呈多重耐药.结论重症监护病房主要的革兰阴性杆菌均有较严重的耐药性,临床应注意合理使用抗生素并加强对细菌耐药性的全面监测.

Bacterial Distribution and Resistance of the Common Infectious Gram-negative Bacilli in ICU: An Analysis

Objective To investigate the outbreak and resistance of gram-negative bacilli in ICUs. Methods Bacterial isolated from patients in nanhua hospital- from Jan 2003 to Sep 2005. Were identified by scepter and API identified tests. Bacterial durg susceptibility test was performed on strains using standard Kirby-Bauer method in accordance with guidelines of NCCLS. Results 236 strains gram-negative bacilli and the most common pathogens of them were Pseudomonas aeruginosa(74 strains- 31.36%)- Klebsiella Pneumoniae(42 strains- 17.8%)-Escherichia(34 strains- 14.41%)- Acinetobacter(32 strains- 13.56%) and Enterobacter Cioacae(19 strains- 8.05%). in our analysis- the highest susceptible to gram-negative bacilli was imipenem- while the lowest was ampicllin. Most of gram-negative bacilli in ICUs were seriously resistant- Antibiotics should be used reasonably and all-round supervision of drug resistance should also be strengthened.