辣木叶化学成分和药理活性的研究进展

辣木Moringa oleifera为辣木科辣木属多年生热带落叶乔木,广泛种植于亚洲、非洲的热带和亚热带地区。辣木叶中主要含有黄酮类、多酚类、苯丙素类、萜类、甾体类、生物碱类、异硫氰酸酯类以及多种有机酸类等化学成分,且这些成分表现出良好的降血糖、降尿酸、抗肿瘤、调血脂、抗氧化以及保肝等药理活性。主要对辣木叶化学成分和药理活性的研究进展进行综述,以期为进一步研究和开发利用辣木叶提供参考。

Research progress on chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Moringa oleifera leaves

Moringa oleifera belongs to the Moringaceae family, which is a biennial deciduous tree that is distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa and Asia. M. oleifera leaves mainly contain flavonoids, polyphenols, phenylpropanoids, terpenoids, steroids, alkaloids, isothiocyanates, and a variety of organic acids, which show good pharmacological activities such as hypoglycemic, uric acid lowering, anti-tumor, lipid regulating, antioxidant and liver protecting. Research progress on chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of M. oleifera leaves are reviewed in this paper, and in order to make references for further research and development of M. oleifera leaves.